“…Intravenous microdialysis has previously been used to evaluate metabolites (e.g., lactate, glucose, pyruvate, and creatinine) [ 8 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 ], antibiotics (e.g., glycopeptides, aminoglycosides, and cephalosporins) [ 5 , 6 , 21 ], and antifungals (e.g., fluconazole) [ 22 ]. Studies investigating metabolites have primarily reported lower metabolite concentrations obtained by intravenous microdialysis in comparison to standard plasma sampling [ 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 ], although one study found a good correlation [ 21 ]. For flomoxef and fluconazole, comparable concentrations were found with the two sampling methods [ 21 , 22 ].…”