Assessment of desalination technologies for treatment of a highly saline brine from a potential CO2 storage site

Abstract

Brine extraction is a promising strategy for the management of increased reservoir 2 pressure, resulting from carbon dioxide (CO 2) injection in deep saline reservoirs. The extracted brines usually have high concentrations of total dissolved solids (TDS) and various contaminants, and require proper disposal or treatment. In this article, first by conducting a critical review, we evaluate the applicability, limits, and advantages or challenges of various commerciallyavailable and emerging desalination technologies that can potentially be employed to treat the highly saline brine (with TDS values greater than 70,000 ppm) and those that are applicable to a ~200,000 ppm TDS brine extracted from the Mt. Simon Sandstone, a potential CO 2 storage site in Illinois, USA. Based on the side-by-side comparison of technologies, evaporators are selected as the most suitable existing technology for treating Mt. Simon Brine. Process simulations are then conducted for a conceptual design for desalination of 454 m 3 /h (2,000 gpm)pretreated brinefor near-zero liquid discharge by multi-effect evaporators. The thermal energy demandis estimated at 246 kWh per m 3 of recovered water, of which 212 kWh/m 3 is required for multiple-effect evaporation and the remainder for salt drying. The process also requires additional electrical power of ~ 2kWh/m 3 .

A Stochastic Optimization Approach to the Design of Shale Gas/Oil Wastewater Treatment Systems with Multiple Energy Sources under Uncertainty

“…In addition to the reasons mentioned in Section 3.3.4 that were used to select these two desalination plants, the quality of feed-water (e.g., total dissolved solid content, TDS) is also a significantly crucial factor in selecting a proper desalination technology. Therefore, to enhance the performance and reliability for the treatment process against the variability in salinity concentration of feed-water, RO can be utilized effectively in desalinating low and medium salinity water (i.e., 55,000 to 70,000 ppm of TDS) compared to MED that recommended for high-salinity water (i.e., TDS > 70,000 ppm) [75]. Other factors for the determining the percentage contribution of RO and MED in the total desalinated water are their ability to realize intended product quality (e.g., TDS separation), and meet system restrictions (e.g., brine concentration).…”

Review on Blueprint of Designing Anti-Wetting Polymeric Membrane Surfaces for Enhanced Membrane Distillation Performance

“…If the membrane is not sufficiently hydrophobic, membrane pores are easily filled with feed solution when they come in contact with the feed because of capillary forces. Currently, MD has been applied for more challenging wastewater streams with a higher load of corrosive contaminants compared with saline water desalination [3]. Using MD is advantageous as compared to other separation processes in terms of water flux and salt rejection.…”

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“…Na área de alternativas para a obtenção de água potável, uma opção já bem desenvolvida é o processo de dessalinização de água salgada e de água salobra. Desde meados de 1950, ele tem sido muito estudado, aprimorado e implantado, de forma que sua produção global no fim de 2015 foi superior a impressionantes 86 milhões de metros cúbicos de água por dia (KAPLAN et al, 2017). Algumas das estratégias mais bem-sucedidas desse processo são: osmose inversa, destilação de múltiplos efeitos e destilação flash multiestágio.…”