Assessment of femoral bone osteoporosis in rats
treated with simvastatin or fenofibrate

Şipoş, Remus; Fechete, Radu; Moldovan, Dumitriţa; Șuș, Ioana; Szasz, Simona; Pávai, Z

doi:10.1515/biol-2015-0039

Cited by 10 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Formation of new blood vessels for nutrition of bone was observed suggesting an anabolic process. These results were in accordance with Şipos et al 36 who found that simvastatin reduces the effect of ovariectomy-induced OP, indicated by reduced percentage of intertrabecular cavities. But our results are contrary with the findings of Yao et al, 37 who reported that simvastatin does not prevent or restore ovariectomy-induced bone loss in 3-month-old Sprague-Dawley adult female rats 120 days post ovariectomy.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Atorvastatin, a double weapon in osteoporosis treatment: an experimental and clinical study

El-Nabarawi¹,

Elwakd

Salem

2017

DDDT

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ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of atorvastatin on the bone formation and resorption markers in ovariectomized rats (experimental study), and to study its effect on the bone mineral density (BMD) in postmenopausal osteoporotic women (clinical study).Materials and methodsThe study involved experimental and clinical aspects. In the experimental aspect, 42 female Wistar rats were divided into five groups: Group I (n=6; sham-operated), Group II (n=6; 1 mL of carboxymethyl cellulose [CMC] was administered orally), Group III (n=6; 20 mg/kg orally of atorvastatin was administered), Group IV (n=12; untreated ovariectomized [OVX] rats and served as a model of osteoporosis [OP]) and Group V (n=12; 20 mg/kg orally of atorvastatin was administered to ovariectomized rats). After 4 weeks, serum acid phosphatase, alkaline phosphatase, osteocalcin, total calcium and inorganic phosphorus were assessed. Then, 3 µm thickness lumbar and femur sections were examined using a light microscope to assess cortical thickness, trabecular area, numbers of osteoblasts and osteoclasts. In the clinical aspect, 85 post-menopausal osteoporotic females with recently detected hyperlipidemia participated in the study. Atorvastatin 40 mg/day, calcium carbonate 500 mg/day and vitamin D 800 international units were given to all patients for a period of 18 months. BMD was measured at the start and at the end of the study by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA).ResultsIn the experiment aspect, the biomarkers of bone remodeling were notably elevated in the OVX group. Administration of atorvastatin produced a significant decrease in the level of these bone metabolic markers. Atorvastatin significantly ameliorates osteoporotic changes induced by ovariectomy. In the clinical aspect, after 18 months the DEXA showed improvement in the T-score for the three measured zones; however, these changes were statistically significant only in the femoral neck area.ConclusionAtorvastatin was able to decrease the rate of bone metabolism and increase osteogenic activity. It has dual mode of action; both anabolic and antiresorptive effect on bone. This lipophilic statin member may act as a double weapon drug.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Atorvastatin, a double weapon in osteoporosis treatment: an experimental and clinical study

El-Nabarawi¹,

Elwakd

Salem

2017

DDDT

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“…In contrast to previous studies, this study observed no significant difference in TbTh between the ovariectomized and control groups. Furthermore, compared with the aforementioned studies that have measured the distal femoral metaphysis and distal femoral epiphysis [ 32 , 37 – 39 , 44 , 59 – 63 ], the present study showed smaller differences between the ovariectomized and control groups. This might be attributable to how the distal femoral metaphysis and distal femoral epiphysis have more trabecular structures than the femoral neck does.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 55%

“…Numerous studies have investigated differences in femoral bone quality and quantity between ovariectomized rats and healthy rats [ 44 , 59 – 63 ]. Regarding the trabecular bone microarchitecture in the femur, Xiang et al [ 59 ] estimated parameters of the trabecular bone microarchitecture at the distal femoral metaphysis and found significant differences of -73%, -97%, 85%, and -71% in the BV/TV, TbTh, TbSp, and TbN between the ovariectomized and control groups, respectively.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The reasons may be that the ages and species of the rats used and ovariectomized in this study varied from those in previous studies; most importantly, the ROIs measured using micro-CT in this study varied from those in previous studies. In previous studies, trabecular bone microarchitecture at the distal femoral metaphysis or the distal femoral epiphysis was the ROI [ 44 , 59 – 63 ]. Because patients with osteoporosis who undergo a fall commonly sustain hip fracture at the femoral neck [ 49 ], this anatomical region was selected as the ROI in the present study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cortical Bone Morphological and Trabecular Bone Microarchitectural Changes in the Mandible and Femoral Neck of Ovariectomized Rats

et al. 2016

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ObjectiveThis study used microcomputed tomography (micro-CT) to evaluate the effects of ovariectomy on the trabecular bone microarchitecture and cortical bone morphology in the femoral neck and mandible of female rats.Materials and MethodsTwelve female Wister rats were divided into two groups: the control and ovariectomized groups. The rats in the ovariectomized group received ovariectomy at 8 weeks of age; all the rats were sacrificed at 20 weeks of age, and their mandibles and femurs were removed and scanned using micro-CT. Four microstructural trabecular bone parameters were measured for the region below the first mandibular molar and the femoral neck region: bone volume fraction (BV/TV), trabecular thickness (TbTh), trabecular separation (TbSp), and trabecular number (TbN). In addition, four cortical bone parameters were measured for the femoral neck region: total cross-sectional area (TtAr), cortical area (CtAr), cortical bone area fraction (CtAr/TtAr), and cortical thickness (CtTh). The CtTh at the masseteric ridge was used to assess the cortical bone morphology in the mandible. The trabecular bone microarchitecture and cortical bone morphology in the femoral necks and mandibles of the control group were compared with those of the ovariectomized group. Furthermore, Spearman’s correlation (rs) was conducted to analyze the correlation between the osteoporosis conditions of the mandible and femoral neck.ResultsRegarding the trabecular bone microarchitectural parameters, the BV/TV of the trabecular bone microarchitecture in the femoral necks of the control group (61.199±11.288%, median ± interquartile range) was significantly greater than that of the ovariectomized group (40.329±5.153%). Similarly, the BV/TV of the trabecular bone microarchitecture in the mandibles of the control group (51.704±6.253%) was significantly greater than that of the ovariectomized group (38.486±9.111%). Furthermore, the TbSp of the femoral necks in the ovariectomized group (0.185±0.066 mm) was significantly greater than that in the control group (0.130±0.026mm). Similarly, the TbSp of the mandibles in the ovariectomized group (0.322±0.047mm) was significantly greater than that in the control group (0.285±0.041mm). However, the TbTh and TbN trends for the mandibles and femoral necks were inconsistent between the control and ovariectomized groups. Regarding the cortical bone morphology parameters, the TtAr of the femoral necks in the ovariectomized group was significantly smaller than that in the control group. There was no significant difference in the TtAr, CtAr, or CtTh of the femoral necks between the control and ovariectomized groups, and no significant difference in the CtTh of the mandibles between the control and ovariectomized groups. Moreover, the BV/TV and TbSp of the mandibles were highly correlated with those of the femurs (rs = 0.874 and rs = 0.755 for BV/TV and TbSp, respectively). Nevertheless, the TbTh, TbN, and CtTh of the mandibles were not correlated with those of the femoral necks.ConclusionAfter the rats were ovar...

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“…Thus, Does and Snyder use the multi-exponential T 2 relaxation distribution on the amphibian Xenopus laevis of which sciatic nerve was crushed [6]. Recently the 1 H NMR relaxometry method combined with inverse Laplace analysis [7,8] was successfully used to assess the ovariectomy induced osteoporosis on Wistar Albino rats [9][10][11][12]. The measured T 2 -distribution on different section of rats femur allowed the calculation of the pores sizes distributions as well as the effects of treatment with simvastatin or fenofibrate.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sciatic Nerve Regeneration in Wistar Albino Rats Evaluated by in vivo Conductivity and in vitro 1H NMR Relaxometry

Bumbu

Fechete

Perian

et al. 2018

Acta Medica Marisiensis

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Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate and quantify functional and structural nerve regeneration after reconstruction using either direct suture or silicon graft.Methods: Thirty-two adult Wistar Albino rats were divided in two equal groups. The left sciatic nerve was cross-sectioned and reconstructed using either direct suture (DS group) or a silicone graft (SG group). At 4, 6, 8 and 10 weeks two rats were randomly chosen from each group for in vivo measurement of nerve electric conductivity and subsequently sacrificed together with other two rats from the same group for in vitro 1H NMR relaxometry measurements. The T2 distributions were assigned to 1H located in different pools corresponding to the nerve structure.Results: In the injured nerve we observed a significant increase in the stimulation threshold and a decrease in conduction velocity when compared with the healthy nerve in both groups. Whereas the conduction velocity increased progressively from 4 to 10 weeks in the DS group, the opposite evolution was observed in the SG group. In both groups, the first two peaks corresponding to water bound to collagen and epineurium had smaller transverse relaxation times in the injured nerves, while there was no change in the peaks corresponding to perineurium and free water between healthy and injured nerves.Conclusions: Significant differences were observed between direct suture and nerve graft reconstructions from both a functional and structural point of view. In the case of direct suture reconstruction, the nerve was functionally healed at 10 weeks after injury.

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Assessment of femoral bone osteoporosis in rats treated with simvastatin or fenofibrate

Abstract: Background: The effects of two lipidlowering drugs, simvastatin and fenofibrate on osteoporosis in the femurs of healthy and ovariectomized female rats were investigated quantitatively by histological images and

Cited by 10 publications

References 30 publications

Atorvastatin, a double weapon in osteoporosis treatment: an experimental and clinical study

Atorvastatin, a double weapon in osteoporosis treatment: an experimental and clinical study

Cortical Bone Morphological and Trabecular Bone Microarchitectural Changes in the Mandible and Femoral Neck of Ovariectomized Rats

Sciatic Nerve Regeneration in Wistar Albino Rats Evaluated by in vivo Conductivity and in vitro 1H NMR Relaxometry

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