Assessment of H+ in complex aqueous solutions approaching seawater

Camões, Filomena; Anes, Bárbara; Martins, Hugo F.; Oliveira, C. S. de; Fisicaro, Paola; Stoica, Daniela; Spitzer, Petra

doi:10.1016/j.jelechem.2016.01.014

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…By this definition, the chlorinity value is slightly greater than the mass fraction of chlorine in seawater, w Cl = 0.9989041 Cl . From the 19th century on, chlorinity values were rather consistently defined and determined by titration as the most accurate available salinity measure (Forch et al, 1902;Carritt, 1963;Lyman, 1969;Lewis, 1980;Pawlowicz et al, 2016;Burchard et al, 2018). In contrast, the unsatisfactory situation with the definition of salinity before PSS-78 was that "nobody has measured salinity for 60 years.…”

Section: Salinity Scalesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Pitzer equations for seawater ions successfully describe colligative properties, while other thermodynamic properties such as sound speed may not yet be represented as accurately as by TEOS-10 (Feistel and Marion, 2007;Feistel, 2008a;Sharp et al, 2015). Based on the reference-composition model of TEOS-10 (Millero et al, 488 R. Feistel: Thermodynamic properties of seawater, ice and humid air 2008), studies are underway aiming at a definition of seawater pH in terms of Pitzer equations as functions of SItraceable measurands (Waters and Millero, 2013;Turner et al, 2016;Camões et al, 2016).…”

Section: Seawater Phmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Thermodynamic properties of seawater, ice and humid air: TEOS-10, before and beyond

Feistel

2018

Ocean Sci.

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Abstract. In the terrestrial climate system, water is a key player in the form of its different ambient phases of ice, liquid and vapour, admixed with sea salt in the ocean and with dry air in the atmosphere. For proper balances of climatic energy and entropy fluxes in models and observations, a highly accurate, consistent and comprehensive thermodynamic standard framework is requisite in geophysics and climate research. The new Thermodynamic Equation of Seawater -2010 (TEOS-10) constitutes such a standard for properties of water in its various manifestations in the hydrological cycle.

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Section: Salinity Scalesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Seawater Phmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermodynamic properties of seawater, ice and humid air: TEOS-10, before and beyond

Feistel

2018

Ocean Sci.

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“…Recognition of the uncertainties in data that have not been confirmed by independent measurement needs to be redoubled. Even the treatment of pH demands repairas important as it is, pH remains analytically untraceable (see refs , , , , − ) on account of an ambiguous and controversial definition. Nothing epitomises the prevailing difficulties with SIACs more than this imbroglio.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermodynamic Modeling of Aqueous Electrolyte Systems: Current Status

May

Rowland

2017

J. Chem. Eng. Data

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The current status of thermodynamic modeling in aqueous chemistry is reviewed. A number of recent developments hold considerable promise, but these need to be weighed against ongoing difficulties with existing theoretical modeling frameworks. Some key issues are identified and discussed. These include long-standing difficulties in choosing the right program code, in comparing alternatives objectively, in implementing models as published, and in wasting effort on numerous proposed “modifications” and/or “improvements”. There needs to be greater awareness of the major limitations that such assorted variations in modeling functions imply for practical thermodynamic modeling purposes. They typically lack proper substantiation, fail to distinguish between cause and effect, and are presented in ways that all-too-often cannot be falsified. Numerical correlations in particular permit overoptimistic assertions based only on “satisfactory” fits, neglecting the dictum that regression analyses can be used to discredit hypotheses but not to prove them. The risks of “model tuning” should always be acknowledged and minimized. Recognition of the uncertainties in data that have not been confirmed by independent measurement needs to be redoubled. Modeling frameworks incapable of explicit trace activity coefficient prediction should no longer be regarded as credible. The current modeling paradigm evidently has to be reassessed, hopefully to find better ways forward, including new protocols which command sufficient support to warrant IUPAC endorsement.

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“…There are numerous cases where the single-ion activity plays a key role in determining the physicochemical processes, e.g., a variety of chemical equilibria, such as colligative properties, extraction of metal ions, physicochemical processes in environments, and biological energy transductions. For better understanding and controlling these thermodynamic processes, the knowledge of single-ion activity is indispensable [1,2,30]. Theoretical and computational studies of electrolyte solutions need reliable experimental data of single-ion activity in higher ionic strength regions [5,[7][8][9][21][22][23].…”

Section: Nonthermodynamic Nature Of Galvanic Cell and Single-ion Actimentioning

confidence: 99%

Single-ion activity: a nonthermodynamically measurable quantity

Kakiuchi¹

2020

J Solid State Electrochem

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Ionic liquid salt bridge (ILSB) that effectively minimizes the liquid junction potential in a galvanic cell articulates the nonthermodynamic measurability of single-ion activity. Points for further improvement of the stability of ILSB are summarized, and associated intriguing phenomena at the ILSB-W interface are described. Keywords Liquid junction potential • Salt bridge • Ionic liquid salt bridge • Galvanic cell • Instability • Spontaneous emulsification Publisher's note Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

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Assessment of H+ in complex aqueous solutions approaching seawater

Cited by 8 publications

References 10 publications

Thermodynamic properties of seawater, ice and humid air: TEOS-10, before and beyond

Thermodynamic properties of seawater, ice and humid air: TEOS-10, before and beyond

Thermodynamic Modeling of Aqueous Electrolyte Systems: Current Status

Single-ion activity: a nonthermodynamically measurable quantity

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