Assessment of medication prescription pattern at Bole health center, Ethiopia

Jabo, Sahle Asfaw; Tebeka, Abubeker Goitabe; Asebe, Degemu Sahlu; Beri, Frehiwot Zerihun; Temesgen, Dejen Melese; Beyene, Abebech Tefera; Gemeda, Hirut Basha; Genemo, Aliyi Amano; Arega, Eyob Debebe; Yilma, Feven Negash

doi:10.18203/issn.2454-2156.intjscirep20175937

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Antibiotics prescribing was found to be 48.8% in this study, which shows a high deviation from the WHO recommended value of <30%. 9 Prescriptions with antibiotics more than this figure (50.7–84.8%), 4 , 14–16 , 21 , 23 were documented from other studies. However, values less than this figure (29.1–38%), 8 , 10 , 17 , 20 and closer to WHO standard were reported from different health care settings.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

“…The results of the present study were better than that of the national baseline study (87%), 14 and other reports (27.7%, 35.5%), 20 , 21 but comparable with that of other studies which reported 93–99.2%. 4 , 8 , 10 , 15 , 16 , 23 Prescribing by generic name helps the pharmacy department for better inventory management and they are relatively economical and accessible. Generic prescribing also minimize confusion among the pharmacy personnel.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Assessment of Drug Use Practices Using Standard WHO Indicators in Lumame Primary Hospital

Alehegn¹,

Aklilu²,

Tadesse³

et al. 2021

DHPS

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Background Irrational use of drugs has been one of the major problems around the globe. However, the degree of the problem is higher in developing countries like Ethiopia. The WHO has developed several indicators to evaluate the practices of drug use. This study aimed to assess the overall drug use practices using standard WHO indicators in Lumame Primary Hospital. Methods Hospital-based retrospective cross-sectional study was employed to investigate the overall drug use practices at the hospital. Six hundred prescriptions were selected from a total of 19,242 prescriptions by systematic sampling technique over one year from July 1, 2019, to June 30, 2020, in a retrospective review. For the patient care study, 100 patients were selected for collecting the required information. Facility indicators were assessed by checking the availability of STG/formularies and essential drugs. The results were interpreted according to the standard values of WHO. Results All 600 sampled prescriptions were 100% standard. Weight, dosage form, and quantity were written in 1.5–13.3% of the prescriptions. Patient address was recorded in 51%, while qualification of prescriber and dispenser were recorded in 71.5% and 56% of the cases, respectively, but all other information were complete in 88.5–100% of the prescriptions. The mean number of drugs per encounter, generic prescribing, prescribing from essential drug list, encounters with antibiotics and injectable drugs were 2.3, 97.9%, 99.8%, 48.8%, and 11.2%, respectively. The average dispensing time was found to be 171.9 seconds. Percentage of actually dispensed drugs, adequacy of labeling, patient knowledge, and patient satisfaction were 95.3%, 22.6%, 83%, and 88%, respectively. About 92% of tracer drugs and all reading materials, except national drug list and facility-level drug formulary, were available in the study period. Conclusion Generally, appreciable results were obtained for most of the indicators but improvement in antibiotic prescribing, polypharmacy and labeling practice is recommended.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Drug Use Practices Using Standard WHO Indicators in Lumame Primary Hospital

Alehegn¹,

Aklilu²,

Tadesse³

et al. 2021

DHPS

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“…In Ethiopia, ciprofloxacin has become the most commonly utilized fluoroquinolone and one of the top three antibacterial agents in clinical practice [5–8]. Study conducted by Birru et al indicated that there is a high degree of inappropriate use of ciprofloxacin.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Resistance profile of clinically relevant bacterial isolates against fluoroquinolone in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Sisay

Weldegebreal

Tesfa

et al. 2018

BMC Pharmacol Toxicol

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BackgroundFluoroquinolones are among the most frequently utilized antibacterial agents in developing countries like Ethiopia. Ciprofloxacin has become the most prescribed drug within this class and remains as one of the top three antibacterial agents prescribed in Ethiopia. However, several studies indicated that there is a gradual increase of antibacterial resistance. Therefore, this meta-analysis aimed to quantitatively estimate the prevalence of ciprofloxacin resistance bacterial isolates in Ethiopia.MethodsLiterature search was conducted from electronic databases and indexing services including EMBASE (Ovid interface), PubMed/MEDLINE, Google Scholar, Science Direct and WorldCat. Data were extracted with structured format prepared in Microsoft Excel and exported to STATA 15.0 software for the analyses. Pooled estimation of outcomes was performed with DerSimonian-Laird random-effects model at 95% confidence level. Degree of heterogeneity of studies was presented with I2 statistics. Publication bias was conducted with comprehensive meta-analysis version 3 software and presented with funnel plots of standard error supplemented by Begg’s and Egger’s tests. The study protocol has been registered on PROSPERO with reference number ID: CRD42018097047.ResultsA total of 37 studies were included for this study. The pooled prevalence of resistance in selected gram-positive bacterial isolates against ciprofloxacin was found to be 19.0% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 15.0, 23.0). The degree of resistance among Staphylococcus aureus, Coagulase negative Staphyloccoci (CoNS), Enterococcus faecalis and Group B Streptococci (GBS) was found to be 18.6, 21.6, 23.9, and 7.40%, respectively. The pooled prevalence of resistance in gram-negative bacteria was about 21.0% (95% CI: 17, 25). Higher estimates were observed in Neisseria gonorrhea (48.1%), Escherichia coli (24.3%) and Klebsiella pneumonia (23.2%). Subgroup analysis indicated that blood and urine were found to be a major source of resistant S. aureus isolates. Urine was also a major source of resistant strains for CoNS, Klebsiella and Proteus species.ConclusionAmong gram-positive bacteria, high prevalence of resistance was observed in E. faecalis and CoNS whereas relatively low estimate of resistance was observed among GBS isolates. Within gram-negative bacteria, nearly half of isolates in N. gonorrhoea were found ciprofloxacin resistant. From enterobacteriaceae isolates, K. pneumonia and E. coli showed higher estimates of ciprofloxacin resistance.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1186/s40360-018-0274-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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“…The adoption of such a list for any health facility can significantly improve the effectiveness of therapy; it decreases the amount of unwanted medicine prescription and promotes RUMs because medicines from the list are well known, already tested in practice, with established clinical use, and of lower cost than newer. 67…”

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confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Rational Use of Medicine Using WHO/INRUD Core Drug Use Indicators at Teda and Azezo Health Centers, Gondar Town, Northwest Ethiopia

Sema¹,

Asres²,

Wubeshet³

2021

IPRP

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Background: Despite medicines are a major contributor to the health and well-being of the community, irrational use of medicines is being a serious public health crisis with significant harmful implications for patients, healthcare systems, and communities as a whole. Objective: This study was aimed at evaluating the rational use of medicine using the World Health Organization/Network of Rational Use of Drugs (WHO/INRUD) core drug use indicators at Teda and Azezo health centers of Gondar town, northwest Ethiopia. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 1200 prescription papers retrospectively, and 60 patients prospectively at two health centers of Gondar town, northwest Ethiopia from May 01/2019 to April 30/2020. The data were collected using a standard data collection checklist. Data were analyzed using SPSS ® version 24. The data were analyzed descriptively by using mean, frequency, and proportion. Results: Prescribing indicators: From a total of 2595 prescribed medicines, 94% of them were prescribed by generic name; percent encounters with injection was 9.5±0.28%, percent encounters with antibiotics was 73.85±0.35%, and 100% of medicines were prescribed from the essential medicine list of Ethiopia. Patient care indicators: Only 16.7% of the patients knew the correct dosage of their medications, and 17.5% of dispensed medicines were adequately labeled. From the prescribed medications, only 77.17% were actually dispensed. Average consultation and dispensing time were 5.35 minutes and 40.24 seconds, respectively. Facility-specific indicators: Only 83.5% of key medicines were available in the health centers. Conclusion:According to the WHO/INRUD core drug use indicators, rational medicine use is not achieved in terms of most components of the prescribing, patient care, and facilityspecific indicators. Therefore, both health centers should work towards promoting the rational use of medicines.

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Assessment of medication prescription pattern at Bole health center, Ethiopia

Cited by 6 publications

References 2 publications

Assessment of Drug Use Practices Using Standard WHO Indicators in Lumame Primary Hospital

Assessment of Drug Use Practices Using Standard WHO Indicators in Lumame Primary Hospital

Resistance profile of clinically relevant bacterial isolates against fluoroquinolone in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Evaluation of Rational Use of Medicine Using WHO/INRUD Core Drug Use Indicators at Teda and Azezo Health Centers, Gondar Town, Northwest Ethiopia

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