Assessment of pain and welfare in sheep

Fitzpatrick, J. L.; Scott, Marian; Nolan, A. M.

doi:10.1016/j.smallrumres.2005.07.028

Cited by 130 publications

(100 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…This study showed that stress caused by traditional routine applications could be reduced by using new husbandry techniques bearing in mind that the routine handling procedures caused stress in sheep as reported by several researchers (Grandin, 1998;Dwyer and Bornett, 2004;Fitzpatrick et al, 2006).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 54%

Stress responses to comparative handling procedures in sheep

Yardimci

Şahin

Çetingül

et al. 2013

Animal

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The objective of this study was to compare some husbandry procedures on the base of physiological stress parameters and evaluate the welfare status in sheep. Forty ewes were used as the study material. Measurements were taken during several routine husbandry procedures such as milking, shearing, weighing, loading and hoof care. Data regarding time spent for each application, as well as heart and respiratory rates were recorded during the applications. Blood samples were taken 15 min before and after each application and malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione-peroxidase (GSH-Px), cortisol T 3 and T 4 parameters were measured. In addition, changes in the same parameters between pre-and post-application periods were evaluated. According to the results, machine milking caused less stress than hand milking. No significant difference was seen between shearing methods for hand shearer or clipper; however, both applications caused stress in animals. The results for weighing methods of animals demonstrated significant differences in cortisol, T 3 and T 4 values in favor of traditional method. Cortisol, T 3 and T 4 levels were significantly higher in manual loading compared with loading by ramp. Regarding hoof care, all the examined parameters differed in favor of modern method. On the other hand, significant differences were determined between the stress parameters regarding pre-and postapplications. All values differed for hand milking while no significant difference was observed in MDA and T 3 values in machine milking group. Parameters in weighing groups changed significantly. For loading process, GSH, cortisol, T 3 and T 4 values differed in both treatment groups. With regard to hoof care, parameters except T 4 in laying group differed significantly. An increase occurred in minute-based measurements of heart and respiratory rates parallel to physiological data. The number of the respiratory rates during the applications differed except for the shearing process. All the parameters displayed significant differences between groups in terms of heart rates. Time spent for each application also differed between groups. Time saved for milking, shearing, weighing, loading and hoof care was 3.23 min, 4.37 min, 1.71 min, 7.85 s and 1.55 min, respectively. These results appear to provide a tangible advantage of using new husbandry methods to the breeders. It was concluded that using new methods in sheep husbandry procedures provided advantages in terms of saving time and reducing labor, as well as improved conditions for welfare of animals. In addition, it facilitated the routine works and flock husbandry.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 54%

Stress responses to comparative handling procedures in sheep

Yardimci

Şahin

Çetingül

et al. 2013

Animal

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“…As far as pain and mastitis evaluation are concerned, studies on bovines have used (1) expression of pain-indicating behavior such as flinching, vocalizing or leg raising (Medrano-Galarza et al, 2012) and alterations of postural and ingestive behaviors (Siivonen et al, 2011); (2) hyperalgesia and pain nociceptive threshold (Fitzpatrick et al, 2006;Potter et al, 2006); (3) physiological traits as heart and respiratory rates and body temperature, in addition to plasma metabolites such as cortisol and acute phase proteins (Leslie and PeterssonWolfe, 2012). Nociception refers to signals arriving in the central nervous system resulting from activation of specialized sensory receptors called nociceptors that provide information about tissue damage.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of subclinical and clinical mastitis on sensitivity to pain of dairy cows

Peters

Silveira

Fischer

2015

Animal

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A total of 90 cows from three commercial farms were used to evaluate the relationship between subclinical mastitis and clinical mastitis and thermal nociceptive threshold. Milk strips from all udder quarters were tested for clinical mastitis with visual inspection of milk and udder alterations and for subclinical mastitis using California Mastitis Test. Milk yield was recorded, milk was sampled and further analyzed for somatic cells count (SCC). Cows were considered healthy when SCC < 200 000 cells/ml and no visual alterations in milk and/or udder, with mild subclinical mastitis when SCC > 200 000 cells/ml and no visual alterations in milk and/or udder, with moderate subclinical mastitis when SCC > 500 000 cells/ml and no visual alterations in milk and/or udder and with clinical mastitis when visual alterations in milk and/or udder were detected. Nociceptive threshold was evaluated with the thermal threshold meter apparatus applied to the rear legs. Thermal threshold (TT) decreased when we compared healthy cows with cows presenting clinical mastitis and tended to decrease when we compare healthy cows with those with moderate subclinical mastitis. TT was lower at the ipsilateral rear leg compared with the contralateral leg to the infected mammary gland. TT linearly decreases as log10 SCC increased and it showed sharp decrease as log10 SCC exceed the value of 6.4. Increase in one unit of log10 SCC increased the odds of low thermal threshold (lower than 55.8°C). Subclinical mastitis might be a welfare issue as it tended to decrease nociceptive thermal threshold.

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“…Because sheep have such a high tolerance of pain, as long as they do not have extreme foot lesions, they will not limp [9,12,13] . Thus, the fact that there is no limping does not mean there are no foot/hoof problems in the herd [14][15][16][17] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mera Özellikleri ve Dönemsel Farklılıkların Koyun Ayak Hastalıkları Üzerine Etkileri: Kars ve Iğdır Yöresine Ait Saha Çalışması

Baran¹,

Yayla²,

Kiliç³

et al. 2015

Kafkas Univ Vet Fak Derg

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With this study, in which the incidences of diseases seen in sheep feet raised in the Kars and Iğdır regions were evaluated clinically and radiologically according to two different seasons, a total of 8.000 sheep were examined in the pasture (n=4230) and pen/stall (n=3770) seasons; problems were detected in 1.080 (25.51%) of them in the pasture season and 520 (13.76%) of them in the pen/stall season. It was determined that the herd in general suffered primarily from horn and hoof deformations in the pasture season with 17.70% and in the pen/stall season with 11.78%. Osteophyte formations and rotation were detected in the phalangeal bones of 20 of the sheep, and osteolysis was detected in the third phalanx of 8 of the sheep. In the aforementioned seasons, the rate of foot rot was 2.83% and 0.82% respectively. It was detected that according to the breed of sheep, 54.69% of the foot problems were seen in Akkaraman, 39.81% in Morkaraman, 1.43% in Tujin, and 4.07% in other sheep breeds (Merino, Kıvırcık). In addition, it was concluded that animal owners do not have sufficient knowledge concerning foot and hoof care, or do not care much about this issue. In conclusion, it was determined that the most important foot problem for sheep raised in the Kars and Iğdır regions is hoof deformation, and it was concluded that this could largely be avoided with simple precautions. Keywords

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Assessment of pain and welfare in sheep

Cited by 130 publications

References 22 publications

Stress responses to comparative handling procedures in sheep

Stress responses to comparative handling procedures in sheep

Impact of subclinical and clinical mastitis on sensitivity to pain of dairy cows

Mera Özellikleri ve Dönemsel Farklılıkların Koyun Ayak Hastalıkları Üzerine Etkileri: Kars ve Iğdır Yöresine Ait Saha Çalışması

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