Assessment of the Effect of Solid Waste Dump Site on Surrounding Soil and River Water Quality in Tepi Town, Southwest Ethiopia

Abstract

An increase in urban population and the rising demand for food and other essentials perpetuate a rise in the amount of waste being generated daily by each household. In Ethiopia, this waste is eventually thrown into open dump sites. It can cause severe impact on soil and surface water quality. As a result, it becomes the probable source of human health risk through food chain. Therefore, this study was aimed at assessing the effect of a solid waste dump site on surrounding soil and river water quality in Tepi town, Southwest Ethiopia. Three surface water, one leachate, and four soil samples were collected and analyzed. Six heavy metals for surface water and leachate samples and four heavy metals for soil samples were measured by flame atomic absorption spectroscopy. In addition, physiochemical parameters were analyzed using standard methods. The data were analyzed statistically using Origin pro version 8.0 computer software packages. The pH of soil was slightly basic ranging from 8 ± 0.1 to 8.7 ± 0.21. Electrical conductivity was lower at 60 meters (1800 ± 0.5 μs/cm) and higher in the other sample sites (3490 ± 0.66–4920 ± 1.04 μs/cm). The concentration of heavy metals in soil samples revealed cadmium (0.53 ± 0.01–2.26 ± 0.02 mg/kg), zinc (623.93 ± 0.29–859.41 ± 0.02 mg/kg), lead (3.26 ± 0.25–57.560.26 mg/kg), and copper (204.06 ± 0.06–337.11 ± 0.01 mg/kg). Lead, cadmium, manganese, nickel, copper, and zinc were found in the leachate water; nickel and manganese were found in the nearby river water; BOD5 and COD for both leachate and stream water samples were found to be higher than standard guideline values. The finding suggested that solid waste open dump site adversely affects soil and water quality in the study area and becomes a probable source of risk for human health via the food chain.

Carcinogenic Risk of Pb, Cd, Ni, and Cr and Critical Ecological Risk of Cd and Cu in Soil and Groundwater around the Municipal Solid Waste Open Dump in Central Thailand

“…e levels of Cd and Cu may be related to the high levels of these metals in the waste which are disposed of at the landfill [51]. Mekonnen et al found that Pb, Cd, Mn, Ni, Cu, and Zn were found in the leachate water [52]. Moreover, approximately 62% of the total fresh municipal solid waste was found to be combustible materials including plastics, paper, yard waste, textile, cardboard, rubber, and coconut husks [51].…”

[Retracted] The Practices of Solid Waste Utility and Thriving Conditions of Logistics (a Case of Tepi Town): A Study to Treat the Healthy Environment

“…Due to the concentration of industries, an urban population growth, the consumption of residents, and inadequate finance and facilities, the volume of waste was increased in urban areas of SNNPR [ 12 ]. In Tepi town, the generated solid wastes were thrown away on streets, unapproved dumpsites, in waterways (drainage systems), and at open sites near the residential areas affecting the environment [ 13 ].…”

Determination of Pesticide Residues in Food Premises Using QuECHERS Method in Bench-Sheko Zone, Southwest Ethiopia

“…Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to assess the significance difference between the mean values of organochlorine and organophosphate pesticide residues in sample cereal crops. Possibilities less than 0.05 ( p < 0.05) were considered statistically significant, and the analyzed data was presented by using tables [ 36 ]. All the mean values of organochlorine and organophosphate pesticide residues were compared with maximum pesticide residual limits in food samples established by Codex Alimentary and European Union standards [ 37 , 38 ].…”