Association between Family Histories of Thyroid Cancer and Thyroid Cancer Incidence: A Cross-Sectional Study Using the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study Data

Abstract

This study assessed the association between thyroid cancer and family history. This cross-sectional study used epidemiological data from the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study from 2001 to 2013. Among 211,708 participants, 988 were in the thyroid cancer group and 199,588 were in the control group. Trained interviewers questioned the participants to obtain their thyroid cancer history and age at onset. The participants were examined according to their age, sex, monthly household income, obesity, smoking, alcohol consumption, and past medical history. The adjusted odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) for the family histories of fathers, mothers, and siblings were 6.59 (2.05–21.21), 4.76 (2.59–8.74), and 9.53 (6.92–13.11), respectively, and were significant. The results for the subgroup analyses according to sex were consistent. The rate of family histories of thyroid cancer for fathers and siblings were not different according to the thyroid cancer onset, while that of mothers were higher in participants with a younger age at onset (<50 years old group, 11/523 [2.1%], p = 0.007). This study demonstrated that thyroid cancer incidence was associated with thyroid cancer family history. This supports regular examination of individuals with a family history of thyroid cancer to prevent disease progression and ensure early management.

National cohort and meteorological data based nested case–control study on the association between air pollution exposure and thyroid cancer

“…The diagnosis of thyroid cancer was referred to as participants with ICD-10 code C73 (malignant neoplasm of the thyroid gland) and treatment claim codes for thyroidectomy (P4551, P4552, P4553, P4554, and P4561) 6 , 7 .…”

“…Researchers have postulated that overidentification or overdiagnosis of clinically occult, asymptomatic tumors as well as recent advancements in diagnostic technologies are responsible for the increase 4 , 5 . However, it is likely that other factors, such as environmental factors, lifestyle, family history and comorbidities, have significant roles in thyroid cancer development 6 , 7 .…”

Thyroid Diseases and Thyroid Asymptomatic Dysfunction in People Living With HIV

“…Many studies suggest that the female sex, the thyroid neoplasia family history and the elevated BMI are associated with a higher risk of neoplastic transformation in the thyroid gland [ 34 , 92 , 93 ] Recently, it was also proposed a role for IL-32, which seems involved in different cancers, including thyroid neoplasia and which seems downregulated in several inflammatory conditions from neuronal diseases and metabolic disorders to HIV infection [ 94 ].…”

“…However, some groups seem to be particularly risky populations for TDs, such as young seropositive overweight women affected by diabetes mellitus, and PLWH with poor lipemic control, in which thyroid screening could be indicated even without symptoms [ 32 ]. Moreover, considering the higher incidence of thyroid neoplasia in people with family history of thyroid tumors, some authors agree on the regular examination of this risky group in order to ensure early diagnosis and treatment, eventually implementing the ultrasound screening [ 33 , 34 ].…”

Special Issue: Genetic Perspectives in Thyroid Cancer

“…Although thyroid cancer is not considered a common malignancy, with a 98% relative survival rate, this does not undermine the need to fully understand the mechanisms of disease in all of its aspects using all available tools from epidemiology approaches-genetic, epigenetic, regulation, therapeutic response, and resistance [7].…”