Association between neutrophilic granulocyte percentage and depression in hospitalized patients with heart failure

Abstract

BackgroundPrevious researches reveal that depression is associated with increased inflammatory markers. As a simple and cheap inflammatory marker, we hypothesize that neutrophilic granulocyte percentage is associated with depression in hospitalized heart failure patients, whose prevalence of depression is at a very high level.MethodsThree hundred sixty-six cases of hospitalized heart failure patients with left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) ≤45% and New York Heart Association (NYHA) class II-IV were enrolled. All the enrolled patients received Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (24-items) (HAM-D24). The demographic, clinical data, blood samples and echocardiography were documented. The Pearson simple linear correlation was performed to evaluate the confounding factors correlated with HAM-D24 depression index. The significantly correlated factors were enrolled as independent variables in Logistic regression to determine the risk or protective factors for depression, which was taken as dependent variable.ResultsTwo hundred ten cases of hospitalized heart failure patients (57.4%) had depression. Among them, 134 patients (63.8%) had mild depression, 58 patients (27.6%) had moderate depression and 18 patients (8.6%) had severe depression. Pearson simple linear correlation revealed that in hospitalized patients with heart failure, the neutrophils granulocyte percentage was positively correlated with the HAM-D24 depression index (r = .435, p < .001). After the adjustment of age, BMI, number of members of the household, smoking index, New York Heart Association (NYHA) classification, hemoglobin, TC, LDL-C, creatinine, cystatin-C, TBIL and albumin, the neutrophils granulocyte percentage is still significantly associated with depression in hospitalized heart failure patients (OR = 1.046, p < .001).ConclusionsThe neutrophils granulocyte percentage may be used as a new marker for depression in hospitalized heart failure patients.

Association Between the Lipid Profile and Renal Dysfunction in the Heart Failure Patients

“…Heart failure was confirmed by clinical heart failure specialists and cardiologists after consulting with the symptoms and the echocardiography report. The main exclusion criteria included significant cognitive impairment, life-threatening comorbidity, and unwillingness for cooptation [13]. …”

Apolipoprotein A1 is associated with SYNTAX score in patients with a non-ST segment elevation myocardial infarction

“…Other peripheral blood was sampled from patients in a fasting state on the morning following the admission day. Venous blood samples were sent to Clinical Laboratory Department of First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University for red blood cells (RBC) counts, hemoglobin, platelet counts, white blood cells (WBC) counts, CK, CK-MB, LDH, Troponin I, MB, ALT, AST, ALP, transglutaminase, TC, triglyceride, HDL-C, LDL-C, ApoA1, ApoB, urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine, cystatin-C, total bilirubin (TBIL), direct bilirubin (DBIL), total protein (TP), albumin, D-Dimer (DD), glycosylated hemoglobin-A1c (HbA1c) and brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) detection using standard biochemical techniques [19].…”

G-T haplotype established by rs3785889-rs16941382 in GOSR2 gene is associated with coronary artery disease in Chinese Han population

“…Venous blood samples were collected from all participants in fasting state, and genomic DNA was extracted from the peripheral blood leukocytes using phenol and chloroform extraction method in Central Laboratory of People's Hospital of Shaanxi Province from January in 2015 to December in 2016 and stored in -80°C refrigerator for further genotyping [ 22 , 23 ].…”