Association between occlusal force distribution in implant overdenture prostheses and residual ridge resorption

Abstract

This study aimed to investigate residual ridge resorption (RRR) of anterior and posterior maxillary and mandibular edentulous ridges, in patients treated with mandibular implant overdentures (IOD) and compare with conventional complete denture (CD) wearers, and to determine at each location, the association of RRR with the occlusal forces distribution and other patients' variables. The anterior and posterior RRR of IOD (six males, 17 females) and CD (12 males, 11 females) groups were determined using baseline and follow-up dental panaromic radiographs (DPT) (mean intervals 4 ± 1·8 years). The bone ratios were calculated using proportional area: anatomic to fixed reference areas and mean difference of ratios between the intervals determined RRR. The ridge locations included anterior and posterior maxillary and posterior mandibular arches. The T-Scan III digital occlusal system was used to record anterior and posterior percentage occlusal force (%OF) distributions. There were significant differences in anterior and posterior %OF between treatment groups. Two-way anova showed RRR was significant for arch locations (P = 0·005), treatment group (IOD versus CD) (P = 0·001), however, no significant interaction (P = 0·799). Multivariate regression analyses showed significant association between RRR and %OF at anterior maxilla (P = 0·000) and posterior mandible (P = 0·023) and for treatment groups at posterior maxilla (P = 0·033) and mandibular areas (P = 0·021). Resorption was observed in IOD compared to CD groups, with 8·5% chance of less resorption in former and 7·8% in the latter location. Depending on arch location, ridge resorption at various locations was associated with occlusal force distribution and/or treatment groups (implant prostheses or conventional complete dentures).

Computerised occlusal analysis of mini‐dental implant‐retained mandibular overdentures: A 1‐year prospective clinical study

“…Several studies showed that using two or four dental implants retained overdenture improve the function of the denture 1,2,40,41 . From our study, we are comparing the occlusal analysis before and after using mini‐dental implants to retain the lower complete dentures.…”

Effect of two different Overdenture attachments on the biting force and occlusal force distribution

“…It also aided in increasing the bone density and its stability around the implants preventing uneven forces and bone Resorption reaction in certain areas. (33,34) Bite force is an important variable to investigate proper oral function which is related to occlusal factor, dentition, dentures, and treatment with implants, orthognathic surgery, temporomandibular disorders and neuromuscular changes. (35) Regarding to the results of load distribution of this study revealed that the Overdenture with balanced occlusion, such as posterior balance force direct the force to the target area, and most of teeth contributing to occlusion.…”

“…That may attribute to the stability and retention in Overdenture retained by locator attachment superior than those retained by ball and socket due to the dual retention action of the locators attachments. (33)(34)(35) The Biting force and the number of functional teeth are directly related to the masticatory function as the measuring maximum bite force is attributed to the force quantity that elevator muscles can performed .The results of this study revealed that the maximum biting force was recorded in both groups while in group I treated by Mandibular over denture retained by locator attachment recorded more than those treated with Mandibular over denture retained by ball attachment (group II) However, this increase was not statistically significant that may be attribute to the nature of the locator attachment with parallel walls and flat occlusal top that may be increase retention and make limitation of the movement which may decrease the resilience of the attachment especially when compared with the ball attachment which considered the resilient attachment allow the universal rotation . Also the double retentive surface area "Dual retention" ensuring long-lasting retention life and allow increase biting and muscle force .…”

Case Report: An Extreme Case of Alveolar Bone Resorption in an Edentulous Mandible

“…[1] The number of dentures an individual has worn does not seem to influence the amount of resorption [1]. However, excessive forces in concentrated areas speed resorption in that area and dentures that provide evenly distributed force may result in slower resorption [2]. Osteoporosis does not directly have an impact on the residual ridge height as it effects bone mass and not structure [3].…”