Association of Childhood Adversities With Suicide Ideation and Attempts in Puerto Rican Young Adults

Polanco-Roman, Lillian; Álvarez, Kiara; Corbeil, Thomas; Scorza, Pamela; Wall, Melanie M.; Gould, Madelyn S.; Alegrı́a, Margarita; Bird, Héctor R.; Canino, Glorisa; Duarte, Cristiane S.

doi:10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2021.0480

Cited by 38 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…PAE alone does not sufficiently predict the rate of later disorders and youth with adverse childhood experiences, specifically out-of-home care, have the highest risk of mental health problems (Koponen et al, 2020). Additionally, children with PAE and subsequent postnatal adversity have different brain structures and symptom profiles than children without added postnatal adversity (Andre et al, 2020). Together, these reports highlight the importance of the postnatal environment in the manifestation of FASD.…”

Section: Cumulative Impacts: Prenatal Alcohol Exposure (Pae) Followed By Early Life Stress (Els)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Epigenetic Impacts of Early Life Stress in Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders Shape the Neurodevelopmental Continuum

Alberry

Laufer

Chater‐Diehl

et al. 2021

Front. Mol. Neurosci.

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Neurodevelopment in humans is a long, elaborate, and highly coordinated process involving three trimesters of prenatal development followed by decades of postnatal development and maturation. Throughout this period, the brain is highly sensitive and responsive to the external environment, which may provide a range of inputs leading to positive or negative outcomes. Fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD) result from prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE). Although the molecular mechanisms of FASD are not fully characterized, they involve alterations to the regulation of gene expression via epigenetic marks. As in the prenatal stages, the postnatal period of neurodevelopment is also sensitive to environmental inputs. Often this sensitivity is reflected in children facing adverse conditions, such as maternal separation. This exposure to early life stress (ELS) is implicated in the manifestation of various behavioral abnormalities. Most FASD research has focused exclusively on the effect of prenatal ethanol exposure in isolation. Here, we review the research into the effect of prenatal ethanol exposure and ELS, with a focus on the continuum of epigenomic and transcriptomic alterations. Interestingly, a select few experiments have assessed the cumulative effect of prenatal alcohol and postnatal maternal separation stress. Regulatory regions of different sets of genes are affected by both treatments independently, and a unique set of genes are affected by the combination of treatments. Notably, epigenetic and gene expression changes converge at the clustered protocadherin locus and oxidative stress pathway. Functional studies using epigenetic editing may elucidate individual contributions of regulatory regions for hub genes and further profiling efforts may lead to the development of non-invasive methods to identify children at risk. Taken together, the results favor the potential to improve neurodevelopmental outcomes by epigenetic management of children born with FASD using favorable postnatal conditions with or without therapeutic interventions.

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Section: Cumulative Impacts: Prenatal Alcohol Exposure (Pae) Followed By Early Life Stress (Els)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Epigenetic Impacts of Early Life Stress in Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders Shape the Neurodevelopmental Continuum

Alberry

Laufer

Chater‐Diehl

et al. 2021

Front. Mol. Neurosci.

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“…Increasing evidence shows that childhood maltreatment is closely related to the following self-harm and suicide behaviors including suicide attempts. Such phenomenon has also been confirmed among patients with MDD and BP (19,20). For example, childhood maltreatment, such as physical abuse and emotional neglect, could increase the risk of subsequent SA among patients with MDD and BP (21,22).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 76%

“…However, limited studies have discussed this relationship among adolescents and young adults. Besides, the existing studies are majorly conducted in Western populations, which may limit their generalization among other racial groups including China (20).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Association Between Suicide Attempts, Anxiety, and Childhood Maltreatment Among Adolescents and Young Adults With First Depressive Episodes

Chen

Cao

et al. 2021

Front. Psychiatry

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Objective: Adolescents and young adults are susceptible to high-risk behaviors such as self-harm and suicide. However, the impact of childhood maltreatment on suicide attempts in adolescents and young adults with first episode of depression remains unclear. This study examined the association between suicide attempts and childhood maltreatment among adolescents and young adults with first depressive episodes.Methods: A total of 181 adolescents and young adults with first depressive episodes were included. The Child Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ), Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), and Patient Health Questionnaire-2 (PHQ-2) were used to assess childhood maltreatment and the severity of anxiety and depressive symptoms, respectively. The suicide item in the MINI-International Neuropsychiatric Interview (M.I.N.I.) 5.0 was used to assess the suicide attempts. Logistic regression analyses were used to explore the associated factors of suicide attempts.Results: The prevalence of SA in the total sample was 31.5% (95% CI = 24.9–38.1%). Multivariate logistic regression analyses revealed that the diagnosis of bipolar disorder (OR = 2.18, 95% CI = 1.07–4.40), smoking (OR = 2.64, 95% CI = 1.10–6.37), anxiety symptoms (OR = 1.05, 95% CI = 1.02–1.08), and childhood maltreatment (OR = 1.04, 95% CI = 1.01–1.07) were potential associated factors of SA. In addition, anxiety symptoms had a mediating effect on the relationship between childhood maltreatment and SA.Conclusion: Adolescents and young adults with first depressive episodes and having experiences of childhood maltreatment are at a high risk of suicide. The severity of anxiety symptoms may mediate the relation between childhood maltreatment and suicide attempts in this group of patients.

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“…Furthermore, future studies should explore sex differences in these relationships, as Puerto Rican boys on the island of Puerto Rico and in South Bronx, New York previously reported higher exposure to cumulative adverse childhood experiences compared to girls. Boys were more likely to experience neglect, physical abuse, and exposure to violence ( Polanco-Roman et al, 2021 ), which may co-exist with household food insecurity and place boys at a higher risk of developing cardiometabolic diseases ( Suglia et al, 2018 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Childhood food insufficiency and adulthood cardiometabolic health conditions among a population-based sample of older adults in Puerto Rico

McClain

Cory

Mattei

2022

SSM - Population Health

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Association of Childhood Adversities With Suicide Ideation and Attempts in Puerto Rican Young Adults

Cited by 38 publications

References 40 publications

Epigenetic Impacts of Early Life Stress in Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders Shape the Neurodevelopmental Continuum

Epigenetic Impacts of Early Life Stress in Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders Shape the Neurodevelopmental Continuum

The Association Between Suicide Attempts, Anxiety, and Childhood Maltreatment Among Adolescents and Young Adults With First Depressive Episodes

Childhood food insufficiency and adulthood cardiometabolic health conditions among a population-based sample of older adults in Puerto Rico

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