Association of Jumping Ability and Maximum Strength With Dive Distance in Swimmers

Calderbank, Jessica A; Comfort, Paul; McMahon, John J.

doi:10.1123/ijspp.2019-0773

Cited by 10 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…In the case of the 50 m race, a faster underwater speed was related to less time to reach the 15 m mark. It was verified that explosiveness by the lower limbs was determinant to achieve a water entry farther from the head wall and a faster underwater speed (Calderbank et al, 2020). Moreover, swimmers can perform underwater dolphin kicks until reaching the 15 m mark.…”

Section: Prediction Of the Start Main Outcome (15 M Mark Time) In Each Race (50 M And 100 M Freestyle) And Its Relationship With Other Stmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…The start can be broken down into several spatial-temporal moments, such as the block time, flight time, entry time/distance, underwater time, and surface time (Peterson-Silveira et al, 2018). For instance, it was shown that for sprint swimmers the entry distance was positively and highly related to the force produced during the block time (Calderbank et al, 2020). Moreover, the 15 m mark time was strongly and negatively correlated to a set of variables related to the block time (i.e.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The effect of the start and finish in the 50 m and 100 m freestyle performance in elite male swimmers

Marinho

Barbosa

Neiva

et al. 2021

International Journal of Performance Analysis in Sport

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The aim of this study was to: (1) verify differences between swimmers of the same competitive level in variables related to the start and finish (50 m and 100 m freestyle); (2) verify if starting and finish variables are responsible for faster race time, and which starting variables are responsible for the start performance in such events. For the 50 m and 100 m freestyle race at the junior European Championships 2019, 86 and 88 male swimmers were analysed, respectively. A set of starting and finishing variables were used for analysis. Both races (50 m: p < 0.001; 100 m: p < 0.001) presented a significant level effect for the final race time. The same trend was observed for the start and finish performances. For both races, hierarchical linear modelling retained the 15 m mark time and finish speed as predictors. The 50 m start retained the reaction time and underwater speed, and the 100 m start retained the reaction time and the water break distance. This indicates the underwater phase of the start is of substantial importance to improve the 15 m mark time. Coaches and swimmers are advised to enhance the start underwater phase, and finish segments to improve the swimmers' performance.

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Section: Prediction Of the Start Main Outcome (15 M Mark Time) In Each Race (50 M And 100 M Freestyle) And Its Relationship With Other Stmentioning

confidence: 90%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of the start and finish in the 50 m and 100 m freestyle performance in elite male swimmers

Marinho

Barbosa

Neiva

et al. 2021

International Journal of Performance Analysis in Sport

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In this regard, the countermovement jump (CMJ) has demonstrated to be a simple, reliable and sensitive tool to identify neuromuscular fatigue after different HIT schemes in different sports [21,25,26]. Considering that coaches usually include jumping exercises as a content of dry-land training given their high relationship with swimming start performance [5,27,28], CMJs could be also used to assess the readiness for performing strength exercises after swimming exercises of different intensities.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lower fatigue and faster recovery of ultra-short race pace swimming training sessions

Cuenca-Fernández

Boullosa

Ruiz-Navarro

et al. 2021

Research in Sports Medicine

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Ultra-short race-pace training (USRPT) is a high-intensity training modality used in swimming for the development of the specific race-technique. However, there is little information about the fatigue associated to this modality. In a crossover design, acute responses of two volume-equated sessions (1000-m) were compared on 14 national swimmers: i) USRPT: 20×50-m; ii) RPT: 10×100-m. Both protocols followed an equivalent work recovery ratio (1:1) based on individual 200-m race-pace. The swimming times and the arm-strokes count were monitored on each set and compared by mixedmodels. Blood lactate [La -] and countermovement jump-height (CMJ) were compared within and between conditions 2 and 5 min after the protocols. The last bouts in RPT were 1.5-3% slower than the target pace, entailing an arm-strokes increase value of ~0.22 for every second increase in swimming time. USRPT produced lower [La -] ([Mean ± standard deviation], 2 min: 8.2±2.4 [p = 0.021]; 5 min: 6.9±2.8 mM/L [p = 0.008]), than RPT (2 min: 10.9±2.3; 5 min: 9.9±2.4 mM/L). CMJ was lowered at min 2 after RPT (-11.09%) and USRPT (-5.89%), but returned to the baseline in USRPT at min 5 of recovery (4.07%). In conclusion, lower fatigue and better recovery were achieved during USRPT compared to traditional high-volume set.

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“…Despite the swim stroke, if swimmers adopt the best streamlined position after the water entry and during the underwater phase, the force generated on the start block will also help swimmers on promoting a faster underwater speed (Calderbank et al, 2020;Thng et al, 2021). This can also be enhanced with powerful underwater dolphin kicks (except in breaststroke due to ruling constraints) (Ikeda et al, 2021).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Normative data of the start in the 50 m events at the 2021 LEN European Championships and understanding its relationship with the final race

Morais¹

2023

EJHM

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This study aimed to: (i) present normative data of the variables related to the start in the four swim strokes by tier and sex, and; (ii) understand the relationship between the 15th meter mark time and the final race time of the male and female swimmers competing in the four 50 m events at the 2021 European Championships. Participants were all male and female swimmers who competed in the 50 m events at the 2021 LEN European Championships held in Budapest. The official race times and block times were retrieved from the official competition website. All starting variables were analyzed in a dedicated software for race analysis. The 15th meter mark time was used as the start main outcome. For all events by sex, the 15th meter mark time was the variable presenting the highest and largest tier effect (p < 0.001) besides the final race time. Overall, despite the swim stroke, the variables related to the underwater phase were also responsible for the significant tier effect (p < 0.001). The 15th meter mark time presented a high to very-high relationship with the final race time in all four swim strokes. This relationship was stronger in freestyle (both sexes). That is, swimmers who achieve the 15th meter mark sooner are more likely to deliver better performances. Coaches must be aware that the underwater phase plays a key-role on the swimmers’ (both sexes) start performance. Nonetheless, different strategies can be used based on the swimmers’ strength and weaknesses. Moreover, the start performance in all four swim strokes and in both sexes can strongly predict the final race time.

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Association of Jumping Ability and Maximum Strength With Dive Distance in Swimmers

Cited by 10 publications

References 47 publications

The effect of the start and finish in the 50 m and 100 m freestyle performance in elite male swimmers

The effect of the start and finish in the 50 m and 100 m freestyle performance in elite male swimmers

Lower fatigue and faster recovery of ultra-short race pace swimming training sessions

Normative data of the start in the 50 m events at the 2021 LEN European Championships and understanding its relationship with the final race

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