Association of novel single-nucleotide polymorphisms of the vascular endothelial growth factor-A gene with high-altitude adaptation in yak (Bos grunniens)

Wu, Xiaoyun; Liang, Chengcheng; Ding, Xin-Hua; Guo, Xiang-Zhao; Bao, Pengjia; Chen, Min; Liu, W.B.; Yan, Peiyao

doi:10.4238/2013.november.18.1

Cited by 10 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…The result was on expected line as it is a known fact that during hypoxic condition, VEGF‐A is essential for the growth of new blood vessels. This helps in angiogenesis by recruiting vascular endothelial cells in the hypoxic area (Nagy et al, ; Wu et al, ). Over expression of VEGF in PBMCs of high altitude cattle suggested this gene to be a strong candidate gene for high altitude adaptation.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Overexpression of genes associated with hypoxia in cattle adapted to Trans Himalayan region of Ladakh

Verma

Sharma

Sodhi

et al. 2018

Cell Biology International

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Ladakh is an important part of the Trans-Himalayan region located between the Kunlun mountain range in the north and the main Great Himalayas to the south in the state of Jammu and Kashmir of India. The local cattle from Leh and Ladakh region, known as "Ladakhi cattle" is a unique germplasm having an excellent adaptation potential to high altitude hypobaric stress. In the present study, an effort was made to evaluate the transcriptional pattern of hypoxia inducing factor-1 (HIF-1) and several of its regulated genes in PBMCs of local Ladakhi cattle, Holstein Frisian crosses, Jersey (exotic) maintained at high altitude region and Sahiwal (Bos indicus) and Karan Fries (cross bred) cattle maintained in tropical environment. The combined data set indicated increased expression of HIF-1 and its regulated genes viz., glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and hexokinase (HK2) in high altitude cattle indicating their importance in maintaining cellular homeostasis during high altitude hypoxia. The data indicated that hypoxia associated genes accumulated under hypoxic conditions are part of an essential adaptive component for adaptation to the high altitude of the trans-Himalayan region. In contrary, higher expression of molecular chaperons' viz., HSP70 and HSP90 in tropically adapted cattle give tolerance to high ambient temperature prevalent in tropical condition. In conclusion, HIF-1 and its regulatory genes could be termed as important candidates for producing homeostatic responses to hypoxia in cattle populations reared in higher altitudes of the Trans-Himalayan region.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Overexpression of genes associated with hypoxia in cattle adapted to Trans Himalayan region of Ladakh

Verma

Sharma

Sodhi

et al. 2018

Cell Biology International

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“…Tibetan Sheep has been living in plateaus at high altitudes with low oxygen and high radiation levels for a long time; these differences in their living environments have a substantial influence on their physiology and organ structure (Wu et al., 2013; Shi et al., 2018). This study showed that the basic structures of testicular and epididymal arteries and microarteries in Tibetan Sheep were similar to those in other mammals (Polguj et al., 2011; Polguj et al., 2015).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Research has shown that plateau animals such as Tibetan Sheep and Yak localized at high altitudes, after a long term of natural selection of their morphology, skin, physiology and biochemical indicators, showed good adaptability to high altitude hypoxia (Wang et al., 2013; Wu et al., 2013). The studies showed that the plateau condition has a certain effect on the reproductive success of the animals (Liao et al., 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphological and scanning electron microscopic study of the gonadal arterioles in the Tibetan sheep

Guo

Yang

Wang

et al. 2021

Anat Histol Embryol

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This research aimed at revealing the structural features of Tibetan sheep's testicular and ovarian vasculature and providing theoretical basis for Tibetan sheep's physiological adaptability in plateau and low‐oxygen environments. Through scanning electron microscopy, corrosion casts of the feature of the gonad arterioles were observed and analysed. The results of this study found that centrifugal arteries, centrifugal and centripetal arterioles were distributed in a ‘dendritic’ fashion in the testis lobule, the ovarian arteries and arterioles, which had a spiral shape. Testicular Tibetan Sheep knot‐like artery had a denser spiral structure, and there were more branches in the microarteries. On the testis lobule and arteriole of caput epididymidis, the arteriole surface shows the ‘fusiform’ indentation to be more shallower. The ovarian artery had a higher degree of helix; its surface was distributed like a ‘bark‐like’ indentation; and the ring was narrower and denser. Nevertheless, the arteriole network had a high concentration and a wide number of branches, as that of the ovarian arteriole network which had more end branches, the surface of the arterioles of ovaries and testicles was scarred and denser. The studies indicate that the structural features of testicular lobule, epididymal arterioles and ovarian arterioles are more conducive to increase the oxygen supply to the gonads tissue and controlling blood flow velocity and metabolism to respond to high altitudes and low‐oxygen environments.

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“…In addition, SNP rs2381 A→G was specific to yak, cattle were homozygous with G allele at the same locus (Figure A2, B2). The significant difference among the four populations may be caused by the differences in the breeds, but the significant differences (p<0.05) in allele or genotype frequencies of SNP rs2381 A→G in PL yak (high altitude) and GN, DT yak (middle-altitude), TZ yak (low-altitude) (p<0.05), which have lived at high altitude for many generations, is likely the result of a long period of natural selection for environmental adaptation [33]. However, no significant difference in allele or genotype frequencies of SNP rs4331 C→G among in 4 yak breeds (p>0.05), and we suspect that the differentiation between high-altitude and low-altitude yaks is relatively young because some mutations with relevance to high-altitude adaptation are not spread completely throughout the yak population.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Population genetic variations of the matrix metalloproteinases-3 gene revealed hypoxia adaptation in domesticated yaks (Bos grunniens)

Ding

Yang

Bao

et al. 2019

Asian-Australas J Anim Sci

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ObjectiveAs an iconic symbol of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau and of high altitude, yak are subjected to hypoxic conditions that challenge aerobic metabolism. Matrix metalloproteinases-3 (MMP3) is assumed to be a key target gene of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α that function as a master regulator of the cellular response to hypoxia. Therefore, the aim of this investigation was to identify the DNA polymorphism of MMP3 gene in domestic yak and to explore its possible association with high-altitude adaptation.MethodsThe single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) genotyping and mutations scanning at the MMP3 locus were conducted in total of 344 individuals from four domestic Chinese yak breeds resident at different altitudes on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, using high-resolution melting analysis and DNA sequencing techniques.ResultsThe novel of SNPs rs2381 A→G and rs4331 C→G were identified in intron V and intron VII of MMP3, respectively. Frequencies of the GG genotype and the G allele of SNP rs2381 A→G observed in high-altitude Pali yak were significantly higher than that of the other yak breeds resident at middle or low altitude (p<0.01). No significant difference was mapped for SNP rs4331 C→G in the yak population (p>0.05). Haplotype GC was the dominant among the 4 yak breeds, and Pearson correlation analysis showed that the frequencies of GC was significantly lower in Ganan (GN), Datong (DT), and Tianzhu white yaks (TZ) compared with Pali (PL) yak. The two SNPs were in moderate linkage disequilibrium in high-altitude yaks (PL) but not in middle-altitude (GN, DT) and low-altitude (TZ) yaks.ConclusionThese results indicate that MMP3 may have been subjected to positive selection in yak, especially that the SNP rs2381 A→G mutation and GC haplotypes might contribute to adaptation for yak in high-altitude environments.

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Association of novel single-nucleotide polymorphisms of the vascular endothelial growth factor-A gene with high-altitude adaptation in yak (Bos grunniens)

Cited by 10 publications

References 25 publications

Overexpression of genes associated with hypoxia in cattle adapted to Trans Himalayan region of Ladakh

Overexpression of genes associated with hypoxia in cattle adapted to Trans Himalayan region of Ladakh

Morphological and scanning electron microscopic study of the gonadal arterioles in the Tibetan sheep

Population genetic variations of the matrix metalloproteinases-3 gene revealed hypoxia adaptation in domesticated yaks (Bos grunniens)

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