Association of the STin2 polymorphism of the serotonin transporter gene with a neurocognitive endophenotype in major depressive disorder

An Integrative Common Liabilities Model for the Comorbidity of Substance Use Disorders with Externalizing and Internalizing Disorders

“…The genetic basis of these neurobiological substrates and systems is supported by association studies of candidate genes involved in the stress response, particularly functional polymorphisms related to monoaminergic neurotransmission (e.g., in the loci encoding the serotonin transporter, tyrosine hydroxylase, catechol-o-methyltransferase, glucocorticoid receptor; for review see Levinson, 2006), and by research on phenotypic outcomes resulting from modifications of serotonin-related genes in rodents (for review see Holmes, 2008). These studies support the role of stress response polymorphisms in the neurobiology of neuroticism (Levinson, 2006), depression (Brouwer et al, 2006;Joensuu, et al, 2010;Levinson, 2006;Sarosi et al, 2008), and alcohol-related disorders (Clarke et al, 2008;Florez et al, 2008;Merenäkk, et al, 2011).…”

Tryptophan hydroxylase 2 gene is associated with cognition in late-onset depression in a Chinese Han population

“…Recent research demonstrated that MDD is associated with cognitive impairment, clinical studies discovered that there were decreased concentrations of the 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) in cerebrospinal fluid and brain tissues in depressed individuals and suicide victims/attempters [7]. Furthermore, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, like fluoxetine, which exert their effects by preventing the reuptake of serotonin, improve multiple cognitive domains, such as attention, episodic memory and executive function in depressive patients [8].…”

STin2 VNTR polymorphism is associated with comorbid tobacco use and mood disorders

“…STin2.10 and STin2.12, corresponding to 10 and 12 repeat units of the 17-bp (Ali et al, 2010;Sarosi et al, 2008). The STin2.12 allele may show a higher transcriptional activity than the 10-repeat allele, while STin2.12 allele homozygotes might have a tendency to a lowered serotonin availability (Bah et al, 2008;Sarosi et al, 2008).…”

“…STin2.10 and STin2.12, corresponding to 10 and 12 repeat units of the 17-bp (Ali et al, 2010;Sarosi et al, 2008). The STin2.12 allele may show a higher transcriptional activity than the 10-repeat allele, while STin2.12 allele homozygotes might have a tendency to a lowered serotonin availability (Bah et al, 2008;Sarosi et al, 2008). There are some reports that the STin2 VNTR genetic polymorphism is associated with bipolar disorder (Kunugi et al, 1997) or cognitive dysfunction in depression (Sarosi et al, 2008).…”

“…The STin2.12 allele may show a higher transcriptional activity than the 10-repeat allele, while STin2.12 allele homozygotes might have a tendency to a lowered serotonin availability (Bah et al, 2008;Sarosi et al, 2008). There are some reports that the STin2 VNTR genetic polymorphism is associated with bipolar disorder (Kunugi et al, 1997) or cognitive dysfunction in depression (Sarosi et al, 2008). There is also a possible association between the VNTR polymorphism and TUD (Alves de Lima et al, 2012).…”