Association of Toll-Like Receptor Polymorphisms With Nasal Polyposis

Abstract

Nasal polyposis is a disease characterized with chronic inflammation of the nasal mucosa. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are defined as essential receptors of the innate immune system and may play in the development of nasal polyposis. A total of 71 patients with nasal polyposis and 74 healthy controls were included in this study. Three single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs); TLR2 (2258 A>G), TLR4 (896 A>G), and TLR4 (1196 C>T) were analyzed in all patients. The degree of pair-wise linkage disequilibrium and the genotype and haplotype analyses were conducted using regression in this logistic model and the Multifactor Dimensionality Reduction (MDR) software package was used to construct all possible interactions among different genotype variants belonging to the TLR gene. There was significant difference in genotype and allele frequencies of the TLR4 (1196 C>T) polymorphism between the nasal polyposis and control groups (0.017). Also, it was observed that the probability of nasal polyposis was 62.7% in the presence of TLR4 (1196 C>T) polymorphism with asthma ( P = .007). As a conclusion, this study showed that TLR4 and TLR2 polymorphisms were predisposing factors for nasal polyposis. Further functional studies investigating the consequences of loss of TLR function are needed.

Association of Toll-like receptors 4 (TLR-4) gene expression and polymorphisms in patients with severe asthma

“…Furthermore, ICAM-1 has been proven to be a negative acute-phase protein, so its levels may decrease in response to a person’s cytokine status. A weak inverse association between serum ICAM-1 and serum IL-8 was proved [ 7 ]. Nowadays, TLRs are usually identified as key regulators of perceptivity to both infectious and non-communicable diseases.…”

“…Therefore, we aimed to compare the polymorphisms and expression of TLR-4 in asthma patients with healthy controls. TLRs are pivotal innate immune receptors that induce inflammatory responses, and their expression and activation are increased in disorders with an excess of inflammation, including asthma and its complications [ 3 , 7 ]. Genetic polymorphisms are variations within the genome that can affect the innate immunity pathway and the extent of its activation and response upon exposure to stimuli and, consequently, influence the lifetime risk of a given disease [ 8 ].…”

Risk Prediction of Chronic Rhinosinusitis with or without Nasal Polyps in Taiwanese Population Using Polygenic Risk Score for Nasal Polyps

“…Previous studies have identified a lot of genes associated with CRSwNP, including TLR2, TLR4, TAS2R38, NOS2, KRT19, and Periostin [12][13][14][15][16]. Moreover, several genes, such as IL18R1, CYP2S1, CCL26, POSTN, CST1, and TGFB1, have been recognized to be related to NP [17][18][19][20][21].…”

Genotype Frequency of the Common TLR4 SNPs in a Kurdish Population: Global Reviews and Out-of-African Migrations

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