Astragaloside alleviates alcoholic fatty liver disease by suppressing oxidative stress

Abstract

Alcoholic fatty liver disease (AFLD) is the most common liver disease and can progress to fatal liver cirrhosis and carcinoma, affecting millions of patients worldwide.The functions of astragaloside on the cardiovascular system have been elucidated.However, its role in AFLD is unclear. Ethanol-treated AML-12 cells were used as a cell model of alcoholic fatty liver. Real-time quantitative reverse transcription-PCR and Western blotting detected genes and proteins expressions. Reactive oxygen species (ROS), triglyceride, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein, albumin, ferritin, bilirubin, superoxide dismutase, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) were examined using commercial kits. Lipid accumulation was assessed by Oil red O staining. MTT and flow cytometry measured cell viability and apoptosis. JC-1 was used to analyze mitochondrial membrane potential. A rat model of AFLD was established by treating rats with ethanol. Astragaloside suppressed ethanol-induced lipid accumulation, oxidative stress, and the production of AST and ALT in AML-12 cells. Ethanol induced TNF-α and reduced IL-10 expression, which were reversed by astragaloside. Ethanol promoted Bax expression and cytochrome C release and inhibited Bcl-2 and ATP expression. Astragaloside hampered these apoptosis effects in AML-12 cells. Impaired mitochondrial membrane potential was recovered by astragaloside. However, all these astragaloside-mediated beneficial effects were abolished by the ROS inducer pyocyanin. Ethanol-induced activation of NF-κB signaling was suppressed by astragaloside in vitro and in vivo, suggesting that astragaloside inhibited oxidative stress by suppressing the activation of NF-κB signaling, thus improving liver function and alleviating AFLD in rats. Our study elucidates the pharmacological mechanism of astragaloside and provides potential therapeutic strategies for AFLD.

The Associations of Iron Related Biomarkers with Risk, Clinical Severity and Mortality in SARS-CoV-2 Patients: A Meta-Analysis

“…Ferritin is also recognized as an acute phase reactant of inflammation, influenced by the presence of iron, hepcidin [46,50,[88][89][90] and pro-inflammatory cytokines. Inflammation promotes ferritin synthesis and release in the liver [91,92]. Moreover, ferritin also is the storage form of iron in macrophages, explaining the decrease in serum iron [93][94][95].…”

Vitamin C injection improves antioxidant stress capacity through regulating blood metabolism in post-transit yak

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Protective effect of traditional Chinese medicine on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and liver cancer by targeting ferroptosis

“…Danlou tablet (DLT) are composed of ten Herbs, including Chuanqiong, Radix Salvia Miltiorrhiza, Trichosanthes, Allium macrostemon, Pueraria lobata, Paeoniae Rubra, Tulip, Rhizoma Drynariae, Alismol, and Radix Astragali (86). Among them, Alismol, Pueraria lobata, and Radix Astragali exhibit the ability to anti-oxidant stress and anti-inflammatory (87)(88)(89). Ethanol extracts of Danlou tablet (EEDT) can inhibit inflammation by downregulating the NF-κB single signal and promote the outflow of cholesterol and lipids by activating the PPARα/ABCA1 signaling pathway (90).…”