Astrocytogenesis of embryonic stem-cell-derived neural stem cells: default differentiation

Nakayama, Takashi; Sai, Tomoaki; Otsu, Masahiro; Momoki-Soga, Tomoko; Inoue, Nozomu

doi:10.1097/01.wnr.0000234747.73312.e7

Cited by 16 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Astrocytic differentiation is often thought of as a default program in such primitive cells as embryonic stem cell derived neural progenitors and adult neural stem cells (F. Doetsch, 2003; T. Nakayama et al, 2006).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Id2 Is Required for Specification of Dopaminergic Neurons during Adult Olfactory Neurogenesis

et al. 2008

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Understanding the biology of adult neural stem cells has important implications for nervous system development and may contribute to our understanding of neurodegenerative disorders and their treatment. We have characterized the process of olfactory neurogenesis in adult mice lacking inhibitor of DNA binding 2). We found a diminished olfactory bulb containing reduced numbers of granular and periglomerular neurons with a distinct paucity of dopaminergic periglomerular neurons. While no deficiency of the stem cell compartment was detectable, migrating neuroblasts in Id2 Ϫ/Ϫ mutant mice prematurely undergo astroglial differentiation within a disorganized rostral migratory stream. Further, when evaluated in vitro loss of Id2 results in decreased proliferation of neural progenitors and decreased expression of the Hes1 and Ascl1 (Mash1) transcription factors, known mediators of neuronal differentiation. These data support a novel role for sustained Id2 expression in migrating neural progenitors mediating olfactory dopaminergic neuronal differentiation in adult animals.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Id2 Is Required for Specification of Dopaminergic Neurons during Adult Olfactory Neurogenesis

et al. 2008

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“…These results suggest that NS cells prepared from ES cells can actively proliferate under culture conditions containing FGF-2 or EGF. In addition, these homogeneous mouse NS cells can be differentiated almost exclusively into astrocytes solely by withdrawing growth factors from the medium, and that astrocytogenesis occurs through a default pathway [56] .…”

Section: Neural Stem Sphere-derived Homogenous Neural Stem Cells For mentioning

confidence: 99%

Pluripotent stem cell-derived neural stem cells: From basic research to applications

Otsu

Nakayama

Inoue

2014

WJSC

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Basic research on pluripotent stem cells is designed to enhance understanding of embryogenesis, whereas applied research is designed to develop novel therapies and prevent diseases. Attainment of these goals has been enhanced by the establishment of embryonic stem cell lines, the technological development of genomic reprogramming to generate induced-pluripotent stem cells, and improvements in vitro techniques to manipulate stem cells. This review summarizes the techniques required to generate neural cells from pluripotent stem cells. In particular, this review describes current research applications of a simple neural differentiation method, the neural stem sphere method, which we developed.

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“…In addition, their practicality is limited by the possible teratogenicity caused by culture factors, such as retinoic acid, of differentiated cells. We have previously reported an efficient method to prepare transplantable neural cells from mouse ES cells using a conditioned medium collected from rat primary-cultured astrocytes (P-ACM) [7]–[9]. In this study, we applied this method to human ES (hES) cells for induction of neurons and astrocytes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self-Contained Induction of Neurons from Human Embryonic Stem Cells

Okuno

Nakayama

Konishi³

et al. 2009

PLoS ONE

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BackgroundNeurons and glial cells can be efficiently induced from mouse embryonic stem (ES) cells in a conditioned medium collected from rat primary-cultured astrocytes (P-ACM). However, the use of rodent primary cells for clinical applications may be hampered by limited supply and risk of contamination with xeno-proteins.Methodology/Principal FindingsWe have developed an alternative method for unimpeded production of human neurons under xeno-free conditions. Initially, neural stem cells in sphere-like clusters were induced from human ES (hES) cells after being cultured in P-ACM under free-floating conditions. The resultant neural stem cells could circumferentially proliferate under subsequent adhesive culture, and selectively differentiate into neurons or astrocytes by changing the medium to P-ACM or G5, respectively. These hES cell-derived neurons and astrocytes could procure functions similar to those of primary cells. Interestingly, a conditioned medium obtained from the hES cell-derived astrocytes (ES-ACM) could successfully be used to substitute P-ACM for induction of neurons. Neurons made by this method could survive in mice brain after xeno-transplantation.Conclusion/SignificanceBy inducing astrocytes from hES cells in a chemically defined medium, we could produce human neurons without the use of P-ACM. This self-serving method provides an unlimited source of human neural cells and may facilitate clinical applications of hES cells for neurological diseases.

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Astrocytogenesis of embryonic stem-cell-derived neural stem cells: default differentiation

Cited by 16 publications

References 15 publications

Id2 Is Required for Specification of Dopaminergic Neurons during Adult Olfactory Neurogenesis

Id2 Is Required for Specification of Dopaminergic Neurons during Adult Olfactory Neurogenesis

Pluripotent stem cell-derived neural stem cells: From basic research to applications

Self-Contained Induction of Neurons from Human Embryonic Stem Cells

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