Atlas ilustrado de pueblos de indios de la Nueva Espana, 1800

Estrada, Dorothy Tanck de; Lobato, José Antonio; Miranda, Jorge Luis

doi:10.1353/lag.2005.0036

Cited by 7 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…We then identify the operative area of each customs office through lists of dependent towns in Garavaglia and Grosso (1988). Finally, we georeference each town using information from Gerhard (1993aGerhard ( , 1993b and Tanck Estrada, Alvarez Lobato, and Miranda (2005) to aggregate the data to the 1786 administrative district level (as above). 19 The theory predicts more rebellion in areas experiencing more intense drought in 1808 and in areas where elites had lost profitable tax farms and charters following the tax reform.…”

Section: The Hidalgo Revoltmentioning

confidence: 99%

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When State Building Backfires: Elite Coordination and Popular Grievance in Rebellion

Garfias

Sellars

2021

American J Political Sci

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We examine the complementary influence of elite politics, popular grievances, and central government weakness on rebellion. Efforts to strengthen the central state often come at the expense of the elite intermediaries charged with maintaining local political control. By driving a wedge between local elites and the central government, centralizing reforms can reduce intermediaries' willingness to repress mobilization, providing an opening for popular rebellion during both localized and national crises. For a given level of commoner grievance, revolts from below are thus more likely to be attempted and more likely to spread where elites' incentives to enforce order have been diminished. We formalize these ideas and provide supportive evidence using subnational data on rebellion, tax centralization, and drought in colonial Mexico from the late seventeenth century to the War of Independence.

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Section: The Hidalgo Revoltmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Empirical Evidencementioning

confidence: 99%

When State Building Backfires: Elite Coordination and Popular Grievance in Rebellion

Garfias

Sellars

2021

American J Political Sci

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Aztec Geography and Spatial Imagination

Mundy

2009

Geography and Ethnography

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The long-run effects of missionary orders in Mexico

Waldinger

2017

Journal of Development Economics

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This paper examines the long-run eects of dierent Catholic missionary orders in colonial Mexico on educational outcomes and Catholicism. The main missionary orders in colonial Mexico were all Catholic, but they belonged to dierent monastic traditions and adhered to dierent values. Mendicant orders were committed to poverty and sought to reduce social inequality in colonial Mexico by educating the native population. The Jesuit order, by contrast, focused educational eorts on the colony's elite in the city centers, rather than on the native population in rural mission areas. Using a newly constructed data set of the locations of 1,145 missions in colonial Mexico, I test whether long-run development outcomes dier among areas that had Mendicant missions, Jesuit missions, or no missions. Results indicate that areas with historical Mendicant missions have higher present-day literacy rates, and higher rates of educational attainment at primary, secondary and postsecondary levels than regions without a mission. Results show that the share of Catholics is higher in regions where Catholic missions of any kind were a historical present. Additional results suggest that missionaries may have aected long-term development by impacting people's access to and valuation of education. seminar participants at LSE and participants of the Advanced Graduate Workshop at the University of Manchester for very helpful feedback and suggestions. I gratefully acknowledge nancial support from Cusanuswerk.1 When the Spanish conquistadors arrived in America in 1492, Catholic missionary orders accompanied them in order to convert the native population to the Christian faith. In colonial Mexico, the Franciscan, Dominican, Augustinian, and Jesuit orders were the main missionary orders. All part of the Roman Catholic Church, they were similar in many respects, such as organizational structure.1 They belonged, however, to dierent monastic traditions, and obeyed dierent sets of rules. The Franciscan, Dominican, and Augustinian orders followed the Mendicant tradition, Church. Jesuits endorsed economic wealth and inuence as valuable means to this end. In colonial Mexico, they established a close connection [with] the criollo 2 elite[that] rested on the order's educational contributions (MacLachlan, 1980: 137).They strengthened the position of the Catholic elite in the colony, and contributed to the strong position of the Catholic Church in the country. Social inequality, they felt, was justiable because the Spanish were the instrument chosen by God to incorporate the Indies into Christian society through subjecting their inhabitants to Spanish dominion (Liss, 1973:458). This paper compares educational and cultural outcomes today in areas that had 1 All orders were answerable to the pope and their rules had to be approved by the pope.The orders were all trans-national organizations that were organized in provinces and consisted of celibate, highly educated men.2 The term criollo comprised people born in Hispanic America of European ancestry.

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Atlas ilustrado de pueblos de indios de la Nueva Espana, 1800

Cited by 7 publications

References 1 publication

When State Building Backfires: Elite Coordination and Popular Grievance in Rebellion

When State Building Backfires: Elite Coordination and Popular Grievance in Rebellion

Aztec Geography and Spatial Imagination

The long-run effects of missionary orders in Mexico

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