Atmosphere-Land Bridge between the Pacific and Tropical North Atlantic SST’s through the Amazon River basin during the 2005 and 2010 droughts

Abstract

The present work uses a new approach to causal inference between complex systems called the Recurrence Measure of Conditional Dependence () based on the recurrence plots theory, in order to study the role of the Amazon River basin (AM) as a land-atmosphere bridge between the Niño 3.0 region in the Pacific Ocean and the Tropical North Atlantic. Two anomalous droughts in the Amazon River basin were selected, one mainly attributed to the warming of the Tropical North Atlantic (2005) and the other to a warm phase of El Niño-Southern Oscillation (2010). The results of the RMCD analysis evidence the distinctive behavior in the causal information transferred between the two oceanic regions during the two extreme droughts, suggesting that the land-atmosphere bridge operating over the AM is an active hydroclimate mechanism at interannual timescales, and that the analysis may be an ancillary resort to complement early warning systems.

Generalized Synchronization Between ENSO and Hydrological Variables in Colombia: A Recurrence Quantification Approach

“…In particular, the GS results reveal a connection between the Amazon region of Colombia (north-western most Amazon River basin) and the western Colombia Pacific coast. This result supports the recent works on aerial rivers connecting Amazonia and the Colombian Pacific [88], as well as the existence of an Atmosphere-Land Bridge between the Pacific and the tropical North Atlantic through the Amazon River basin [89,90]. In this sense, Figure 4 does not show a clear annual cycle of rainfall anomalies in these regions (see also Figure S12).…”

“…It is remarkable that our GS results reveal a connection between the Amazon region of Colombia (west-northernmost Amazon River basin) and the western Colombian Pacific coast. This result can be associated with aerial rivers connecting the Pacific and the Amazon River basin, which had been stated in several previous works [88,90,92]. In particular, the Orinoco LLJ exhibits stronger GS in the Amazon region of Colombia than the CEF and the analysis of time-lags do not show clear synchronous evolution of signals, which requires more research.…”

Comparison of Cross-Correlation and Joint-Recurrence Quantification Analysis Based Methods for Estimating Coupling Strength in Non-linear Systems

“…Moreover, in order to determine causality, infer directionality of coupling, or rule out spurious relationships in multivariate systems in which strict experimental control is limited or impossible, it will be necessary to extend the current methods to use conditional dependencies that consider the influences other variables [50]. Work has already been conducted to extend the RQA framework in this direction [51,52] and it would be interesting to combine that approach with the present one, potentially to identify causal networks (e.g., [2]).…”

Capítulo 5: El sistema hidroclimático físico de la Amazonía

“…ej., Aceituno 1988Williams et al 2005;Coelho et al 2013;Marengo et al 2018;Jiménez-Muñoz et al 2018, 2019. Sin embargo, las severas sequías de 1964 y 2005 fueron excepciones, lo que indica la influencia activa de la IAN en esos extremos (Marengo et al 2008;Zeng et al 2008;Builes-Jaramillo et al 2018b). La sequía extrema de 2010 estuvo relacionada con la ocurrencia sucesiva de un fenómeno de El Niño en el verano austral y una IAN muy cálida en la primavera y el verano boreal (Espinoza et al 2011;Marengo et al 2011;Lewis et al 2011;Gatti et al 2014;Andreoli et al 2012).…”