Atypical Chlamydia psittaci Pneumonia. Four Related Cases

Arenas-Valls, Nuria; Chacón, Silvia; Pérez, Alfredo; Pozo, Roberto Del

doi:10.1016/j.arbr.2017.03.011

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Parrot fever was endemic in 12 countries in the 1930s and led directly to the creation of the National Institutes of Health [ 2 ]. The flow of C. psittaci from parrots spread from person to person in a limited way [ 3 – 6 ], and over the past few decades, sporadic outbreaks of C. psittaci have spread from place to place [ 7 – 10 ]. Hogerwerf estimated that the incidence of C. psittaci is at least 1% of the incidence of CAP [ 11 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical Characteristics of Chlamydia psittaci Pneumonia Infection in Central South China

Yang

et al. 2022

Infect Dis Ther

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Introduction Chlamydia psittaci pneumonia has been a global public health hotspot in recent years. Although some scattered cases of C. psittaci pneumonia have been reported, there is a lack of large case studies worldwide. Methods In this multicenter, observational study, we recruited all consecutive patients with confirmed C. psittaci pneumonia from October 4, 2018, to October 23, 2020, in nine tertiary general hospitals in Central-South China. Epidemiologic and clinical data from patients’ electronic medical records were collected and analyzed. Results One hundred and sixteen patients with C. psittaci pneumonia were included in the study. The mean age was 59.7 years. Fever (96.6%) and cough (65.5%) were the most common clinical symptoms. Most patients presented with an increase in the proportion of neutrophils, neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio, LDH, alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and a significant decrease in lymphocytes. The main CT lung findings were consolidation (81%) and pleural effusion (35.3%), and bilateral lung consolidation was mainly found in severe patients. Chlamydia psittaci DNA was detected in BALF (bronchoalveolar lavage fluid) or blood samples by metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) in all patients. Use of quinolone was associated with shorter length of hospital stay and fever duration after antibiotic use. Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that respiratory support was associated with both severe pneumonia and in-hospital death. Conclusions The clinical phenotype of C. psittaci pneumonia is complex and variable. mNGS is helpful in the diagnosis and treatment of C. psittaci pneumonia, and early treatment with quinolone may benefit patients. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40121-022-00662-4.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical Characteristics of Chlamydia psittaci Pneumonia Infection in Central South China

Yang

et al. 2022

Infect Dis Ther

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“…In 1985, an outbreak of psittacosis affected employees at a duck processing plant in the United Kingdom [6]. Nowadays psittacosis cases are usually limited to local outbreaks, small clusters or isolated cases [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17]. Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is the most important presentation of human psittacosis, but microbiological testing for psittacosis in a pneumonia patient is often not incorporated in routine diagnostics.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Animal sources for zoonotic transmission of psittacosis: a systematic review

et al. 2020

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Background: Human psittacosis, caused by Chlamydia (C.) psittaci, is likely underdiagnosed and underreported, since tests for C. psittaci are often not included in routine microbiological diagnostics. Source tracing traditionally focuses on psittacine pet birds, but recently other animal species have been gaining more attention as possible sources for human psittacosis. This review aims to provide an overview of all suspected animal sources of human psittacosis cases reported in the international literature. In addition, for each animal species the strength of evidence for zoonotic transmission was estimated. Methods: A systematic literature search was conducted using four databases (Pubmed, Embase, Scopus and Proquest). Articles were included when there was mention of at least one human case of psittacosis and a possible animal source. Investigators independently extracted data from the included articles and estimated strength of evidence for zoonotic transmission, based on a self-developed scoring system taking into account number of human cases, epidemiological evidence and laboratory test results in human, animals, and the environment. Results: Eighty articles were included, which provided information on 136 different situations of possible zoonotic transmission. The maximum score for zoonotic transmission was highest for turkeys, followed by ducks, owls, and the category 'other poultry'. Articles reporting about zoonotic transmission from unspecified birds, psittaciformes and columbiformes provided a relatively low strength of evidence. A genotypical match between human and animal samples was reported twenty-eight times, including transmission from chickens, turkeys, guinea fowl, peafowl, pigeons, ducks, geese, songbirds, parrot-like birds and owls. Conclusions: Strong evidence exists for zoonotic transmission from turkeys, chickens and ducks, in addition to the more traditionally reported parrot-like animal sources. Based on our scoring system, the evidence was generally stronger for poultry than for parrot-like birds. Psittaciformes should not be disregarded as an important source of human psittacosis, still clinicians and public health officials should include poultry and birds species other than parrots in medical history and source tracing.

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“…At present, C. psittaci has been contemplated as the classical pathogen with worldwide endemicity. For the past two decades, many reports across the world have been reported as small local outbreak clusters or as isolated cases (Ito et al 2002 ; Berk et al 2008 ; Gaede et al 2008 ; Matsui et al 2008 ; Sachse et al 2015b ; Arenas-Valls et al 2017 ; Weygaerde et al 2018 ).…”

Section: Historymentioning

confidence: 99%

A comprehensive review on avian chlamydiosis: a neglected zoonotic disease

Karthikeyan

Anbazhagan

Karthik

et al. 2021

Trop Anim Health Prod

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Avian chlamydiosis is one of the important neglected diseases with critical zoonotic potential. Chlamydia psittaci , the causative agent, affects most categories of birds, livestock, companion animals, and humans. It has many obscured characters and epidemiological dimensions, which makes it unique among other bacterial agents. Recent reports on transmission from equine to humans alarmed the public health authorities, and it necessitates the importance of routine screening of this infectious disease. High prevalence of spill-over infection in equines was associated with reproductive losses. Newer avian chlamydial species are being reported in the recent years. It is a potential biological warfare agent and the disease is an occupational hazard mainly to custom officers handling exotic birds. Prevalence of the disease in wild birds, pet birds, and poultry causes economic losses to the poultry industry and the pet bird trade. Interestingly, there are speculations on the ‘legal’ and ‘illegal’ bird trade that may be the global source of some of the most virulent strains of this pathogen. The mortality rate generally ranges from 5 to 40% in untreated cases, but it can sometimes be higher in co-infection. The intracellular lifestyle of this pathogen makes the diagnosis more complicated and there is also lack of accurate diagnostics. Resistance to antibiotics is reported only in some pathogens of the Chlamydiaceae family, but routine screening may assess the actual situation in all pathogens. Due to the diverse nature of the pathogen, the organism necessitates the One Health partnerships to have complete understanding. The present review focuses on the zoonotic aspects of avian chlamydiosis with its new insights into the pathogenesis, transmission, treatment, prevention, and control strategies. The review also briefs on the basic understandings and complex epidemiology of avian chlamydiosis, highlighting the need for research on emerging one health perspectives.

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Atypical Chlamydia psittaci Pneumonia. Four Related Cases

Cited by 9 publications

References 7 publications

Clinical Characteristics of Chlamydia psittaci Pneumonia Infection in Central South China

Clinical Characteristics of Chlamydia psittaci Pneumonia Infection in Central South China

Animal sources for zoonotic transmission of psittacosis: a systematic review

A comprehensive review on avian chlamydiosis: a neglected zoonotic disease

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Atypical Chlamydia psittaci Pneumonia. Four Related Cases

Cited by 9 publications

References 7 publications

Clinical Characteristics of Chlamydia psittaci Pneumonia Infection in Central South China

Clinical Characteristics of Chlamydia psittaci Pneumonia Infection in Central South China

Animal sources for zoonotic transmission of psittacosis: a systematic review

A ﻿comprehensive review on avian chlamydiosis: a neglected zoonotic disease

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A comprehensive review on avian chlamydiosis: a neglected zoonotic disease