Atypical porcine pestivirus—A widespread virus in the Swedish wild boar population

Stenberg, Hedvig; Leveringhaus, Elena; Malmsten, Anna; Dalin, Anne-Marie; Postel, Alexander; Malmberg, Maja

doi:10.1111/tbed.14251

Cited by 12 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 43 publications

(92 reference statements)

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“…These include collisions with vehicles (Gren and Jägerbrand 2019) and trains (Trafikverket 2015) and damage to agriculture (SCB 2015, Menichetti et al 2019, Gren et al 2020) and forestry (Månsson and Jarnemo 2013, Sjölander-Lindqvist and Sandström 2019, Pfeffer et al 2021. In particular S. scrofa is also a wildlife reservoir for many pathogens (Wallander et al 2015, Stenberg et al 2022, Ernholm et al 2022, and a recent outbreak of African Swine Fever (Jordbruksverket 2023) has highlighted the importance of reliable surveillance data for the species. and red fox (V. vulpes) at both national and county levels.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Updating Swedish hunting harvest estimates of open season game based on new methods and documented data

Lindström,

Jonsson,

Skorsdal

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Reliable hunting bag statistics are central for informed wildlife management. In the absence of complete reporting, hunting harvest must be estimated based on partial data, which requires reliable data and appropriate statistical methods. In the Swedish system, hunting teams, whose positions are known to the level of Hunting Management Precincts (HMPs), report their harvest of open season game and the size of the land on which they hunt, and the harvest on the non-reported area is estimated based on the reports. In this study, we improved data quality by solving several identified issues in the spatial data and provided temporally consistent estimates of huntable land (EHL) based on documented assumptions. We applied a recently developed method, the Bayesian Hierarchical and Autoregressive Estimation of Hunting Harvest (BaHAREHH), to harvest reports of 34 species from 2003--2021, using both previous and updated EHL, and compared harvest estimates to previously available estimates using naïve linear extrapolation (LE), which has been used as Sweden’s official harvest statistics. We found that updating EHL had a minor effect on harvest estimates at the national level but sometimes had a large impact at the level of individual HMPs. At the national level, previous LE estimates were similar to updated BaHAREHH estimates for species harvested at large numbers, but discrepancies were observed for species harvested at low rates. Time series of harvest estimated with LE had exaggerated temporal trends, higher coefficient of variation, and lower autcorrelation. At the level of counties and HMPs, there were substantial differences for all species, with some harvest estimates differing by several orders of magnitude. We conclude that the previously available LE estimates are sensitive to individual reports that add variability to the estimates and are, for some species, unreliable, especially at the level of county and HMP.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Updating Swedish hunting harvest estimates of open season game based on new methods and documented data

Lindström,

Jonsson,

Skorsdal

et al. 2023

Preprint

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“…A serological survey of APPV among apparently healthy domestic pigs in different parts of Europe and Asia conducted by a German research group, revealed that 60% (880/1460) of the pigs displayed intermediate to high antibody levels against APPV [ 8 ]. In addition, a high APPV seroprevalence has been demonstrated in wild boars in Germany (52%, 237/456) [ 20 ] and Sweden (72%, 433/595) [ 21 ]. By far, few serological investigations on APPV have been reported among domestic pigs and wild boars in China.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development and application of an indirect ELISA for detection of antibodies against emerging atypical porcine pestivirus

Song,

Gao,

et al. 2024

Virol J

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Background Atypical porcine pestivirus (APPV) is a newly discovered swine pestivirus, which can cause congenital tremor and high mortality in newborn piglets and subclinical infection in adult pigs, leading to significant impacts on the pig industry. Currently, there is no approved serological method to assess APPV infection status in pig farms. Methods In this study, the envelope glycoprotein E2 of APPV was highly expressed in suspension HEK293 cells, and further an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay based on the recombinant E2 protein (E2-iELISA) was developed and evaluated. Results The reaction parameters of the E2-iELISA were optimized, and the cutoff value was determined to be 0.2 by analyzing S/P values of 165 negative sera against APPV that were confirmed by virus neutralization test (VNT). Specificity test showed that the method had no cross-reaction with other common swine viruses. The E2-iELISA was evaluated using a panel of swine sera, and showed high sensitivity (113/120, 94.2%) and specificity (65/70, 92.9%), and the agreement rate with VNT was 93.7% (178/190). Subsequently, the E2-iELISA was utilized to investigate the seroprevalence of APPV in pig herds of China. When detecting 1368 pig serum samples collected from nine provinces in China, the overall seroprevalence of APPV was 73.9% (1011/1368). Conclusion Our findings suggest that the E2-iELISA is specific and sensitive, and could be a valuable tool for serological surveillance of APPV infection in pigs.

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“…ASF has never been detected in the country, but the spread within Europe and the role of European wild boar ( Sus scrofa ) is a continuous worry for Swedish pig producers. Despite biosecurity programs in pig holdings (including all-in-all-out indoor production, with hygiene locks at building entrances), the risk of disease transmission between wild boar and domestic pigs has increased due to growth of the wild boar population, and the transmission of other viruses between domestic pigs and wild boar in Sweden has been demonstrated [ 3 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

First Detection of Salmonella enterica Serovar Choleraesuis in Free Ranging European Wild Boar in Sweden

et al. 2022

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Following the first detection of Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica, serovar Choleraesuis (S. Choleraesuis) in a Swedish pig herd for more than 40 years and subsequent detection of the same serotype in an enclosure with kept wild boar, a national surveillance for S. Choleraesuis in free living wild boar was launched. A total of 633 wild boar sampled within the active and the enhanced passive surveillance were examined for Salmonella enterica serovars by culture. Of these, 80 animals were culture positive for S. Choleraesuis var. Kunzendorf. All positive animals, including those in the original outbreaks, originated from counties located in the southern and eastern parts of Sweden. Fifty-eight isolates were selected for sequence typing, revealing a relatively homogenous population of S. Choleraesuis with two distinct genetic clusters containing isolates from the southern counties in one and the counties further northeast in the other. Sequenced isolates from domestic pig farms all clustered with wild boar in the same region. S. Choleraesuis appears highly contagious in dense wild boar populations, making it a relevant model for other infectious diseases that may be transmitted to pigs. The many potential routes of introduction and spread of S. Choleraesuis warrant further investigations in order to prepare for other disease threats.

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Atypical porcine pestivirus—A widespread virus in the Swedish wild boar population

Cited by 12 publications

References 43 publications

Updating Swedish hunting harvest estimates of open season game based on new methods and documented data

Updating Swedish hunting harvest estimates of open season game based on new methods and documented data

Development and application of an indirect ELISA for detection of antibodies against emerging atypical porcine pestivirus

First Detection of Salmonella enterica Serovar Choleraesuis in Free Ranging European Wild Boar in Sweden

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