Augmentation of sebaceous lipogenesis by an ethanol extract of Grifola frondosa (Maitake mushroom) in hamsters in vivo and in vitro

Abstract

Grifola frondosa (Maitake mushroom) is an edible and medicinal mushroom with versatile effects such as antitumor and immunomodulating actions. Here, we demonstrated that an ethanol extract of G. frondosa fruiting body (Maitake extract) augmented intracellular lipid droplet formation and the production of triacylglycerols (TG), a major component of sebum, along with the activation of diacylglycerol acyltransferase, a ratelimiting enzyme of TG synthesis in cultured hamster sebocytes. The topical treatment of Maitake extract on the skin of hamster auricles augmented sebum accumulation in sebaceous glands and ducts. However, in comparison with the Maitake extract, another ethanol extract prepared from Agaricus blazei Murill showed less activity in sebaceous lipogenesis in hamsters in vivo and in vitro. These results provide novel evidence that Maitake extract augments sebaceous lipogenesis in hamsters in vivo and in vitro. Thus, Maitake extract is likely to be a unique agent leading to the remission of dry skin.Key words: Grifola frondosa -sebaceous lipogenesis -sebocytesxeroderma Please cite this paper as: Augmentation of sebaceous lipogenesis by an ethanol extract of Grifola frondosa (Maitake mushroom) in hamsters in vivo and in vitro.

Induction of inflammatory reactions by lipopolysaccharide in hamster sebaceous glands and pilosebaceous units in vivo and in vitro

“…Hamster auricles were intradermally administered LPS (O26:B6) (5 μg) (Sigma Chemical, St. Louis, MO, USA) in 0.9% NaCl or with the same volume of vehicle three times a week for 4 weeks or once a day for 2 days according to previous reports with some modifications (16,17). The fixed auricle tissues were subjected to Mayer’s haematoxylin–eosin (Wako Pure Chemicals, Osaka, Japan) and oil red O staining (Sigma), immunohistochemical analysis of cyclooxygenase 2 (COX‐2), and measurement of epidermal thickness (15,18). Relative amounts of the oil red O–stained sebum in sebaceous glands and ducts, and levels of PGF 2α and 15‐deoxy‐Δ 12,14 ‐prostaglandin J 2 (15d‐PGJ 2 ) were quantified as described previously (15,18).…”

“…The fixed auricle tissues were subjected to Mayer’s haematoxylin–eosin (Wako Pure Chemicals, Osaka, Japan) and oil red O staining (Sigma), immunohistochemical analysis of cyclooxygenase 2 (COX‐2), and measurement of epidermal thickness (15,18). Relative amounts of the oil red O–stained sebum in sebaceous glands and ducts, and levels of PGF 2α and 15‐deoxy‐Δ 12,14 ‐prostaglandin J 2 (15d‐PGJ 2 ) were quantified as described previously (15,18). The production of progelatinase A/promatrix metalloproteinase 2 (proMMP‐2) and β‐actin was analysed by Western blotting, and the levels of proMMP‐2 mRNA were quantified by real‐time PCR (19) (see Supporting Information).…”

Study of the biological function and penetration pathways of the mouse epidermal growth factor ethosomal delivery system

“…The total concentration of mEGF was 10 ng/ml in the three systems, and the concentration ng/cm 2 range of mEGF was applied on the dorsal skin of the C57BL/6 mice in the penetration pathway study. After the mEGF ethosomal solution, mEGF water solution and gel were topically applied (13), freshly excised skin samples were obtained, and immunofluorescence was performed; the penetration pathway and depth were observed by confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) (14). Red fluorescence represented mEGF, green fluorescence represented ethosomal vesicles, and blue fluorescence represented cell nuclei.…”