Automated Detection and Diagnosis of Diabetic Retinopathy: A Comprehensive Survey

Lakshminarayanan, Vasudevan; Kheradfallah, Hoda; Sarkar, Arya; Balaji, Janarthanam Jothi

doi:10.3390/jimaging7090165

Cited by 80 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 161 publications

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“…This system diagnosis with two conventional 45-degree photographs of macular-centered and disc-centered and was reported to offer sufficient quality of detecting referable DR compared to human grading [ 16 ]. Many studies also reported high rate of sensitivity and specificity of autonomous-AI diagnosis system in diagnosing any stage of DR [ 38 , 90 , 91 , 92 , 93 , 94 , 95 ]. Diagnostic sensitivity of the algorithm (2iRetinex) for DR to sight threatening vision was examined, and the sensitivity is nearly identical to diagnosis by physician [ 92 ].…”

Section: Recent Topics In Imaging In Drmentioning

confidence: 99%

Progress of Imaging in Diabetic Retinopathy—From the Past to the Present

Horie

Ohno‐Matsui

2022

Diagnostics

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Advancement of imaging technology in retinal diseases provides us more precise understanding and new insights into the diseases’ pathologies. Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is one of the leading causes of sight-threatening retinal diseases worldwide. Colour fundus photography and fluorescein angiography have long been golden standard methods in detecting retinal vascular pathology in this disease. One of the major advancements is macular observation given by optical coherence tomography (OCT). OCT dramatically improves the diagnostic quality in macular edema in DR. The technology of OCT is also applied to angiography (OCT angiograph: OCTA), which enables retinal vascular imaging without venous dye injection. Similar to OCTA, in terms of their low invasiveness, single blue color SLO image could be an alternative method in detecting non-perfused areas. Conventional optical photography has been gradually replaced to scanning laser ophthalmoscopy (SLO), which also make it possible to produce spectacular ultra-widefield (UWF) images. Since retinal vascular changes of DR are found in the whole retina up to periphery, it would be one of the best targets in UWF imaging. Additionally, evolvement of artificial intelligence (AI) has been applied to automated diagnosis of DR, and AI-based DR management is one of the major topics in this field. This review is trying to look back on the progress of imaging of DR comprehensively from the past to the present.

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Section: Recent Topics In Imaging In Drmentioning

confidence: 99%

Progress of Imaging in Diabetic Retinopathy—From the Past to the Present

Horie

Ohno‐Matsui

2022

Diagnostics

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“…Cataract grading involves comparing slit-lamp images to a set of standard photographs determined by a grading protocol such as LOCS III or WGS. Recent advancements in CAD techniques, which are defined as the subset of artificial intelligence (AI), are becoming more apparent in ophthalmology [27]. These advances have prompted other researchers to investigate alternative imaging modalities, including OCT and fundus images, for use in cataract grading.…”

Section: Automated Cataract Detection and Gradingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards a Connected Mobile Cataract Screening System: A Future Approach

et al. 2022

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Advances in computing and AI technology have promoted the development of connected health systems, indirectly influencing approaches to cataract treatment. In addition, thanks to the development of methods for cataract detection and grading using different imaging modalities, ophthalmologists can make diagnoses with significant objectivity. This paper aims to review the development and limitations of published methods for cataract detection and grading using different imaging modalities. Over the years, the proposed methods have shown significant improvement and reasonable effort towards automated cataract detection and grading systems that utilise various imaging modalities, such as optical coherence tomography (OCT), fundus, and slit-lamp images. However, more robust and fully automated cataract detection and grading systems are still needed. In addition, imaging modalities such as fundus, slit-lamps, and OCT images require medical equipment that is expensive and not portable. Therefore, the use of digital images from a smartphone as the future of cataract screening tools could be a practical and helpful solution for ophthalmologists, especially in rural areas with limited healthcare facilities.

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“…Detection of DR is performed in two steps: screening and diagnosis [26]. To prevent irreversible vision loss, screening for DR is essential to find the root causes that need prompt, thorough ocular examination and treatment.…”

Section: Screening and Diagnosis Of Drmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diabetic Retinopathy May Covariate With Stroke in Diabetes Mellitus

Kalani¹,

Shinde²

2022

Cureus

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Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder with increasing prevalence per hour. Cataracts are one of the most common eye complications, and they affect all structures of the eye. The incidence of cataracts is increasing in patients with diabetes by several mechanisms. With the advancement of technology, cataract surgery is now a necessary procedure for diabetic patients. High-risk complications, like diabetic macular oedema, diabetic retinopathy (DR), phakic, postoperative cyst, and postoperative macular oedema, and macular oedema and endophthalmitis following surgery for a pseudocyst, could result in blindness. The importance of preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative factors cannot be overestimated in managing complications and improving visual outcomes. DR can be a severe problem if it worsens and causes nonproliferative or proliferative DR or if fluid accumulation in the eye is diagnosed as macular oedema. A woman progressing to sight-threatening DR during childbearing age experiences distress and often requires ocular treatment. Diabetes that has been present for a more extended period, as well as more significant hyperglycaemia, hypertension, cardiovascular diseases, and elevated blood pressure, substantially predict the development of DR. Oxidative stress can be caused by hyperglycaemia, irregular metabolic processes, and people with DR developing neurodegeneration. Therefore, controlling postprandial hyperglycaemia is crucial for preventing DR. Femtosecond laser technology, multifocal intraocular lenses, and other surgical innovations are popularly referred to as surgical management; it will be engaged in the coming era to determine whether there will be a continued reduction in the complication of cataract surgery. This article aims to review the correlation of DR with stroke and its screening and to outline the critical management strategies.

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Automated Detection and Diagnosis of Diabetic Retinopathy: A Comprehensive Survey

Cited by 80 publications

References 161 publications

Progress of Imaging in Diabetic Retinopathy—From the Past to the Present

Progress of Imaging in Diabetic Retinopathy—From the Past to the Present

Towards a Connected Mobile Cataract Screening System: A Future Approach

Diabetic Retinopathy May Covariate With Stroke in Diabetes Mellitus

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