Automation, Lean, Six Sigma: Synergies for Improving Laboratory Efficiency

Kratak sadr`aj: Suo~ene sa smanjenjem bud`eta, rastom obima posla i nedostatkom osoblja, mikrobiolo{ke laborato rije se sve vi{e okre}u automatizaciji, sa ciljem maksi mizacije u~inka i efikasnosti. Najbolji koncept pobolj{anja procesa danas je Lean Six Sigma. Ovaj koncept izvla~i brojne koristi iz automa tizacije. Lean proces u laboratorijama se usred sre|uje na ispitivanje proizvoda i materijala, da bi se na efikasan na~in dobili najbolji rezultati {to se ti~e vremena ciklusa i tro{kova, ili obe komponente zajedno. Pla ni ra ni rezultat Lean laboratorije podrazumeva manje napora, manje re sur sa i manje vremena za ispitivanje uzoraka, sa ciljem oslo ba|anja ljudskog potencijala. S druge strane, Six Sigma koncept obezbe|uje tok procesa i proizvoda/usluga bez defekata. Lean Six Sigma pristup analizira tok aktivnosti u laboratorijama radi utvr|ivanja neefikasnosti i otkrivanja prilika za osloba|anje kapaciteta, kao i radi smanjenja vre mena i tro{kova. Dokazane Lean Six Sigma tehnike pove }avaju produktivnost u okru`enju laboratorije i osiguravaju najbolje rezultate. U radu se analizira identifikovani zna ~ajni proces, defini{e pristup i daje pregled rezultata do bijenih kori{}enjem Lean Six Sigma koncepta. ^lanak analizira proces analize uzoraka u mikrobiolo{koj labora to riji. Tradicionalni proces koji pri me njuje standardne metode analize obuhvata jedan broj aktiv nosti koje ne dodaju vrednost, zahteva mnogo vremena i pru`a prilike za pojavu defekata. Snimanjem postoje}eg procesa kori{}enjem SIPOC mo dela identifikovano je 12 aktivnosti. Primenom Lean alata identifikovane su ~etiri aktivnosti, koje nisu potrebne ako se koristi novi sistem. [est aktivnosti pru`a prilike za pobolj{anje u pogledu zna ~aj nog sma nj enja vremena trajanja procesa i u{tede re sursa. Samo dve aktiv nosti u postoje}em tradicionalnom procesu su bile optimalno re{ene kori{}enjem standardnih metoda i nisu

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lean Six Sigma Sample Analysis Process in a Microbiology Laboratory

Stoiljkovic¹,

Trajković²,

Stoiljković³

2011

“…In conclusion it may be said that proper organization, standardization and computerization of the laboratory and hospital process may largely improve the testing process as a whole, while reducing the error rate and ensuring patient safety (38)(39)(40)(41). Patient misidentification can thus be resolved by process automation, errors in laboratory requests through computerized processing, remainder of a large quantity of samples by listing the precise number of requested analyses, errors in sample identification through automatic labeling of samples, incorrect sampling through applying quality materials, informing and training the staff.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quality Indicators of the Pre-Analytical Phase

Majkić-Singh¹,

Šumarac²

2012

Summary: Quality indicators are tools that allow the quantification of quality in each of the segments of health care in comparison with selected criteria. They can be defined as an objective measure used to assess the critical health care segments such as, for instance, patient safety, effectiveness, impartiality, timeliness, efficiency, etc. In laboratory medicine it is possible to develop quality indicators or the measure of feasibility for any stage of the total testing process. The total process or cycle of investigation has traditionally been separated into three phases, the pre-analytical, analytical and post-analytical phase. Some authors also include a »pre-pre« and a »post-post« analytical phase, in a manner that allows to separate them from the activities of sample collection and transportation (pre-analytical phase) and reporting (postanalytical phase). In the year 2008 the IFCC formed within its Education and Management Division (EMD) a task force called Laboratory Errors and Patient Safety (WG-LEPS) with the aim of promoting the investigation of errors in laboratory data, collecting data and developing a strategy to improve patient safety. This task force came up with the Model of Quality Indicators (MQI) for the total testing process (TTP) including the pre-, intra-and post-analytical phases of work. The pre-analytical phase includes a set of procedures that are difficult to define because they take place at different locations and at different times. Errors that occur at this stage often become obvious later in the analytical and postana lytical phases. For these reasons the identification of quality indicators is necessary in order to avoid potential errors in all the steps of the pre-analytical phase.Keywords: quality indicators, health care, patient safety, laboratory medicine, pre-analytical phase, errors Kratak sadr`aj: Indikatori kvaliteta su alatke pomo}u kojih je mo gu }e kvantifikovati kvalitet svakog segmenta zdrav stvene slu`be u pore|enju sa odabranim kriterijumima. Indikatori kvaliteta mogu da se defini{u kao objektivno merilo za procenu kriti~nih zdravstvenih segmenata kao {to su npr. sigurnost pacijenata, efektivnost, nepristrasnost, pravovremenost, efikasnost itd. Kada je re~ o laboratorijskoj medicini mogu}e je razviti indikatore kvaliteta ili meru izvodljivosti za bilo koji stupanj ukupnog laboratorij skog procesa. Ukupan proces ili ciklus ispitivanja tradicionalno obuhvata tri faze, pre-ana li ti~ku, analiti~ku i post-ana li ti~ku. Neki autori uvode i »pre-pre« i »post-post« analiti~ku fazu kako bi se identifikovale aktivno sti koje prate inicijalni izbor neophodnih analiza i njiho vog tuma~enja od strane klini~ara, na koji na~in se raz dvajaju od aktivnosti uzimanja i transporta uzoraka (pre-ana li ti~ka faza) i izve{tavanja (post-analiti~ka faza). Godine 2008. IFCC je u okviru svog Komiteta za edu kaciju i menad`ment (EMD) formirao radnu grupu »Labo ratory Errors and Patient Safety« (WG-LEPS) sa ciljem da promovi{e ispitivanje gre {a ka u labo ratorijskoj medicini, sakuplj...

“…The phlebotomist also checks for the similarity of identifiers and labels each container before sampling to prevent any discordance between sample type and patient identification. While LIMS produces labels, at the same time it gives important information about patient preparation during sampling, important rejection criteria or any important issues on sample transport, if present (44)(45)(46)(47)). …”

Section: Iso-15189:2007 Medical Laboratoriesparticular Requirements Fmentioning

confidence: 99%

How ISO-15189 laboratory accreditation assures patient safety? / Kako ISO-15189 akreditacija laboratorija osigurava bezbednost pacijenta?

Serteser¹,

Coşkun²,

İnal³

et al. 2012

Summary: Healthcare is a complex profession involving the state-of-art technology and sometimes leading to unintentional harm. Many factors contribute to the occurrence of medical errors. Patient safety is one of the most serious global health issues and defined as the absence of preventable harm to a patient during any process of medical care. The frequency of medical errors is higher than expected. It has been concluded that the majority of medical errors are not because of the individual attitudes but mainly caused by faulty systems or processes leading the staff to make mistakes or fail to prevent them. Patient safety is a shared responsibility comprised of many stakeholders such as society, patients, nurses, educators, administrators, researchers, physicians, government and legislative bodies, professional associations and accrediting agencies. Medical laboratory services are essential to patient care and need to be available to meet the needs of both patients and caregivers. ISO-15189:2007 Medical Laboratories-Particular requirements for quality and competence, an internationally recognized standard containing requirements necessary for diagnostic laboratories to demonstrate their competence to deliver reliable laboratory services. It applies quality system requirements to the clinical laboratories with a strong focus on responsiveness to the needs of patients and clinicians. Applying the performance improvement strategies focusing on different phases in total testing process will significantly reduce the errors and therefore will improve the patient safety. In this way, laboratory professionals contribute to improvement of safety and outcomes of care by working in interdisciplinary approach manner. Keywords: patient safety, clinical laboratory, ISO 15189Kratak sadr`aj: Zdravstvena za{tita je kompleksna profe sija koja uklju~uje najsavremeniju tehnologiju i ponekad do vodi do nenamerne {tete. Mnogi faktori doprinose pojavi medicinskih gre{aka. Bezbednost pacijenta je je dan od naj ozbilj nijih problema globalnog zdravlja i defini sa na je kao odsustvo {tete po pacijenta koja se mo`e spre ~iti u toku bilo kog procesa medicinske nege. Frekvenca medicinskih gre {aka je ve}a od o~ekivane. Zaklju~eno je da se ve}ina me dicinskih gre{aka ne javlja zbog pojedina~nih stavova ve} je uzrok uglavnom u nesavr{enim sistemima ili procesima koji navode osoblje da pravi gre{ke ili da ne uspeva da ih pre du predi. Bez bednost pacijenta je zajedni~ka odgovornost mno gih ~i ni laca kao {to su dru{tvo, pacijenti, sestre, edukatori, admi ni stratori, istra`iva~i, leka ri, vlada i zakonodavna tela, pro fe sio nalna udru`enja i agencije za akreditaciju. Usluge me dicinske laboratorije su esencijalne u zbrinjavanju pa cijenta i moraju da zadovolje potrebe i pacijenata i zdravstvenih radnika. ISO 15189:2007 Medicinske laboratorije -Posebni zahtevi za kvalitet i kompetentnost je me|unarodno priznati standard koji sadr`i zahteve neophodne da bi dijagnosti~ke la bo rato rije pokazale svoju kompetentnost za pru`anje po uz danih labor...