Automobile Exhaust and Ozone Formation

Haagen‐Smit, A. J.; Fox, Margaret M.

doi:10.4271/550277

Cited by 27 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…By the 1940s and 1950s air quality problems caused by cars were experienced in some urban cities [13][14][15][16][17][18], especially in locations such as the Los Angeles' basin where temperature inversions trap and recycle polluted air [19]. Gasoline oxidation in the engine to CO 2 and H 2 O was far from completely efficient, Reaction (9), and the exhaust contained significant amounts of hydrocarbons and lower levels of partially combusted products like aldehydes, ketones and carboxylic acids, together with large amounts of CO, Reaction (10).…”

Section: Atmospheric Chemistrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Rôles of catalytic oxidation in control of vehicle exhaust emissions

Twigg

2006

Catalysis Today

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Section: Atmospheric Chemistrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Rôles of catalytic oxidation in control of vehicle exhaust emissions

Twigg

2006

Catalysis Today

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“…This cell, which served the dual purposes of absorption cell and photochemical reaction chamber, was completed at the end of 1954. In January 1955, Haagen-Smit gave an invited lecture at the annual meeting of the Society of Automo tive Engineers in Detroit [Haagen-Smit and Fox, 1955]. A key diagram from that paper ( Figure 2) shows ozone formation, as mea sured by the cracking of stressed rubber strips, in photochemically reacted mixtures of nitrogen dioxide and 3-methylheptane dilut ed with oxygen.…”

Section: Haagen-smit Confirmedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Smog studies of the 1950s

Stephens¹

1987

EoS Transactions

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Infrared spectroscopy with path lengths in air in excess of 100 meters was first applied to the study of air pollution at the Franklin Institute Laboratories in Philadelphia, Pa., in 1955. This paper is a personal account of the studies of the photochemistry of polluted air by this research group during the 1950s. In our first study, we verified the strange aspects of photochemical ozone formation as reported by A.J. Haagen‐Smit. At the same time a new set of infrared bands appeared. It took several years to determine that these belonged to a previously unknown family of compounds called the peroxyacyl nitrates (PANs). They are toxic to plants, irritating to the eye, and (in liquid form) very explosive. We constructed a second infrared instrument in a laboratory trailer and took it to southern California in 1956. With this instrument, we verified laboratory findings on ozone and PAN chemistry in real polluted air, and it became evident that automobile exhaust was the dominant cause of photochemical smog. We then moved this infrared instrument to the University of California, Riverside, campus where an interdisciplinary study with plant scientists finally established PANs as the cause of “oxidant plant damage.”

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“…Recent research has indicated that the extent of ozone formation in the Los Angeles atmosphere is as much or more dependent upon nitrogen dioxide concentration as upon hydrocarbon concentration (11) (12) ( 14) . For this reason, suggestions have been made that work regarding control of oxides of nitrogen be started immediately.…”

Section: Considerations Of the Feasibility Of Control Of Oxides Of Nimentioning

confidence: 99%

Considerations of The Feasibility of Control of Oxides of Nitrogen

Tow

1957

Journal of the Air Pollution Control Association

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Automobile Exhaust and Ozone Formation

Cited by 27 publications

References 4 publications

Rôles of catalytic oxidation in control of vehicle exhaust emissions

Rôles of catalytic oxidation in control of vehicle exhaust emissions

Smog studies of the 1950s

Considerations of The Feasibility of Control of Oxides of Nitrogen

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