Average shear rate in airlift bioreactors: searching for the true value

Bubble column and airlift bioreactor systems for animal cell culture applications

“…Because of the shear sensitivity, especially plant and animal cells may be damage and reduce their viability, with increasing stirring velocity. Therefore, pneumatic bioreactors have been more commonly applied for fragile mammalian cells because of low shear environment comparing to the mechanically stirred tank bioreactors 27–31 . In addition to freely suspended mammalian cells, cells adsorbed on microcarriers, and encapsulated cells have been studied in pneumatic bioreactor conditions.…”

“…There are numerous equations on the design criteria of pneumatic bioreactors for mammalian cell culture. Further details of equations can be found in previous reports 3,18,26,28,30,31,33,48 …”

“…Therefore, pneumatic bioreactors have been more commonly applied for fragile mammalian cells because of low shear environment comparing to the mechanically stirred tank bioreactors. [27][28][29][30][31] In addition to freely suspended mammalian cells, cells adsorbed on microcarriers, and encapsulated cells have been studied in pneumatic bioreactor conditions. For example, in Bugarski et al report, the production of MAB by mouse hybridoma cells, immobilized with calcium alginate beads and alginate/poly-Llysine microcapsules, has been examined.…”