Background Television and Infants’ Allocation of Their Attention During Toy Play

Setliff, Alissa E.; Courage, Mary L.

doi:10.1111/j.1532-7078.2011.00070.x

Cited by 79 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 71 publications

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“…In the presence of background TV, there was less toy play overall, toy play episodes were shorter on average, and bouts of focused attention during toy play were shorter. Similarly, Setliff and Courage (2011) found that 6-and 12month-old infants demonstrated more frequent and shorter looks at toys and shorter bouts of focused attention with toys in the presence of background TV programs than when the TV was off.…”

Section: Effects Of Background Tvmentioning

confidence: 80%

The Effects of Background Television on the Quantity and Quality of Child-Directed Speech by Parents

Pempek¹,

Kirkorian²,

Anderson³

2014

Journal of Children and Media

130

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Prior research has identified negative effects of background television (TV) exposure on toddler toy play and parent-child interactions and has documented a negative association between early TV exposure and language development. It is hypothesized that background, adult-directed TV reduces the quantity and quality of parent language addressed to their young children. To test this hypothesis, the current study compared parent language directed at 12-, 24-, and 36-month-old toddlers (N ¼ 49) in the presence and absence of background TV. In the presence of background TV, the number of words and utterances spoken per minute by the parent decreased as did the number of new words per minute. However, mean length of utterances did not differ. Because parent input is an important factor for language acquisition, development may be negatively affected by background TV exposure. KEYWORDS infant; toddler; background television; language development; parent-child interaction; parent speech

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Section: Effects Of Background Tvmentioning

confidence: 80%

The Effects of Background Television on the Quantity and Quality of Child-Directed Speech by Parents

Pempek¹,

Kirkorian²,

Anderson³

2014

Journal of Children and Media

130

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…[31] Moreover, 2 studies reported that children engaged in distracted play when exposed to background TV. [1, 2] We found that the caregiver belief that background TV was not harmful was associated with higher levels of background TV exposure. This suggests that increasing parental awareness of the effects of background TV exposure may be an important avenue to decreasing background TV exposure.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…Two recent studies reported that a child’s attention during play was disrupted in the presence of background TV. [1, 2] The noise and visual stimulation of TV programming could be distracting for a child. Settings with high levels of noise are known to interfere with children’s normal cognitive developmental processes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors Contributing to Background Television Exposure in Low-Income Mexican–American Preschoolers

Thompson

Tschann

2016

Matern Child Health J

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Objective Background television (TV) exposure is harmful to young children, yet few studies have focused on predictors of exposure. This study’s objectives were to elucidate demographic, environmental, and behavioral correlates of background TV exposure in low-income Mexican American preschoolers and to explore caregiver beliefs about the impact of such exposure. Methods A convenience sample of low-income Mexican American female primary caregivers of preschoolers (3–5 years old, n=309), recruited in safety-net clinics, were surveyed by phone. Caregivers reported the frequency of their child’s exposure to background TV and responded to questions on the home media environment, TV use, and whether they had thought about background TV exposure and its impact on their child. Results Background TV exposure was common; 43% reported that their child was often, very often, or always exposed to background TV. More hours of TV viewing by the caregiver and greater frequency of TV viewing during meals were associated with an increased frequency of exposure to background TV. Only 49% of participants had ever thought about the impact of background TV. Believing that background TV is not harmful was associated with higher levels of background TV exposure. Conclusions Findings suggest that background TV exposure is frequent and caregiver awareness of its potential impact is low in low-income Mexican American families. Beliefs that background TV is not harmful may predict risk of exposure. Potential targets for interventions focused on reducing background TV exposure in this population include increasing caregiver awareness of the potential negative impact of such TV exposure.

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“…Future research should investigate whether and how differing content types of background television affect children. One study has taken the first step to ascertain the role of background television content with infants, 35 but additional work is needed. Researchers should also make an effort to identify how children' s age may moderate the relationships between background television exposure and measured outcomes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Background Television in the Homes of US Children

2012

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OBJECTIVE: US parents were surveyed to determine the amount of background television that their children are exposed to as well as to isolate demographic factors associated with increased exposure to background television. After this, we ask how certain home media practices are linked to children’s background television exposure. METHODS: US parents/caregivers (N = 1454) with 1 child between the ages of 8 months and 8 years participated in this study. A nationally representative telephone survey was conducted. Parents were asked to report on their child’s exposure to background television via a 24-hour time diary. Parents were also asked to report relevant home media behaviors related to their child: bedroom television ownership, number of televisions in the home, and how often a television was on in the home. RESULTS: The average US child was exposed to 232.2 minutes of background television on a typical day. With the use of multiple regression analysis, we found that younger children and African American children were exposed to more background television. Leaving the television on while no one is viewing and children’s bedroom television ownership were associated with increased background television exposure. CONCLUSIONS: Although recent research has shown the negative consequences associated with background television, this study provides the first nationally representative estimates of that exposure. The amount of exposure for the average child is startling. This study offers practitioners potential pathways to reduce exposure.

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Background Television and Infants’ Allocation of Their Attention During Toy Play

Cited by 79 publications

References 71 publications

The Effects of Background Television on the Quantity and Quality of Child-Directed Speech by Parents

The Effects of Background Television on the Quantity and Quality of Child-Directed Speech by Parents

Factors Contributing to Background Television Exposure in Low-Income Mexican–American Preschoolers

Background Television in the Homes of US Children

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