Bacteriologic Studies on Neisseria gonorrhoeae Isolated in Sapporo, Japan

Association between proline-requiring auxotype and fluoroquinolone resistance in Neisseria gonorrhoeae isolated in Japan

“…In Sapporo (located in the northern part of Japan more than 2000 km from Fukuoka, which is located in the southern part of Japan), significant changes in the auxotypes of gonococci have also been reported. 16 In Sapporo, the proportion of arginine, hypoxanthine, and uracil-requiring (AHU Ϫ ) gonococci increased from 9.9% in 1980-1985 to 43.3% in 1988-1989, while that of prototrophic gonococci decreased from 41.9% in 1988-1989 to 13.3% in 1988-1989. The epidemics in the two cities therefore have different auxotypes.…”

Tendency toward increase in the frequency of isolation of β-lactamase-nonproducing Neisseria gonorrhoeae exhibiting penicillin resistance, and recent emergence of multidrug-resistant isolates in Japan

“…The frequency of isolation of penicillinase-producing Neisseria gonorrhoeae (PPNG, exhibiting plasmid-mediated penicillin resistance) began to increase markedly in the early 1980s, and reached about 10% in Japan and Western countries. [10][11][12][13][14] However, in the 1990s, the frequency of isolation of PPNG gradually decreased to 1% or less. Nonetheless, an increase in the prevalence of -lactamase-nonproducing penicillinresistant isolates in the past decade was confirmed in the present study.…”