Bacteriophage K for reduction of<i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>biofilm on central venous catheter material

Lungren, Matthew P.; Christensen, Diana; Kankotia, Ravi; Falk, Irene; Paxton, Ben E.; Kim, Charles Y.

doi:10.4161/bact.26825

Cited by 32 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…This phage has been shown to lyse from 47% [ 37 ] to 84% [ 38 ] of S. aureus strains and was able to expand its host range after exposure to phage-resistant cultures [ 39 ]. Phage K alone [ 40 ], in the mix with another phage [ 41 ] or phage K modified variants [ 42 ] demonstrated significant degradation of biofilms in vitro. In another study, phage K efficiently dispersed S. aureus biofilms in central venous catheters in a rabbit model [ 43 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Staphylococcus aureus Bacteriophage K on Expression of Cytokines and Activation Markers by Human Dendritic Cells In Vitro

Freyberger

Roth

et al. 2018

Viruses

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A potential concern with bacteriophage (phage) therapeutics is a host-versus-phage response in which the immune system may neutralize or destroy phage particles and thus impair therapeutic efficacy, or a strong inflammatory response to repeated phage exposure might endanger the patient. Current literature is discrepant with regard to the nature and magnitude of innate and adaptive immune response to phages. The purpose of this work was to study the potential effects of Staphylococcus aureus phage K on the activation of human monocyte-derived dendritic cells. Since phage K acquired from ATCC was isolated around 90 years ago, we first tested its activity against a panel of 36 diverse S. aureus clinical isolates from military patients and found that it was lytic against 30/36 (83%) of strains. Human monocyte-derived dendritic cells were used to test for an in vitro phage-specific inflammatory response. Repeated experiments demonstrated that phage K had little impact on the expression of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines, or on MHC-I/II and CD80/CD86 protein expression. Given that dendritic cells are potent antigen-presenting cells and messengers between the innate and the adaptive immune systems, our results suggest that phage K does not independently affect cellular immunity or has a very limited impact on it.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Staphylococcus aureus Bacteriophage K on Expression of Cytokines and Activation Markers by Human Dendritic Cells In Vitro

Freyberger

Roth

et al. 2018

Viruses

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“…aeruginosa phages to treat burn wound infections [ 1 , 8 ]. In addition, staphylococcal phages have other potential healthcare uses, such as application to catheter material to control biofilm formation [ 9 ] or in hand wash solutions to lower CFUs of S . aureus on the skin of healthcare workers [ 10 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strain Specific Phage Treatment for Staphylococcus aureus Infection Is Influenced by Host Immunity and Site of Infection

et al. 2015

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The response to multi-drug resistant bacterial infections must be a global priority. While mounting resistance threatens to create what the World Health Organization has termed a “post-antibiotic era”, the recent discovery that antibiotic use may adversely impact the microbiome adds further urgency to the need for new developmental approaches for anti-pathogen treatments. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), in particular, has declared itself a serious threat within the United States and abroad. A potential solution to the problem of antibiotic resistance may not entail looking to the future for completely novel treatments, but instead looking into our history of bacteriophage therapy. This study aimed to test the efficacy, safety, and commercial viability of the use of phages to treat Staphylococcus aureus infections using the commercially available phage SATA-8505. We found that SATA-8505 effectively controls S. aureus growth and reduces bacterial viability both in vitro and in a skin infection mouse model. However, this killing effect was not observed when phage was cultured in the presence of human whole blood. SATA-8505 did not induce inflammatory responses in peripheral blood mononuclear cultures. However, phage did induce IFN gamma production in primary human keratinocyte cultures and induced inflammatory responses in our mouse models, particularly in a mouse model of chronic granulomatous disease. Our findings support the potential efficacy of phage therapy, although regulatory and market factors may limit its wider investigation and use.

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“…Lastly, since the emergence of multidrug‐resistant pathogens, bacteriophages return to daylight and are seducing agents against biofilm due to their quick diffusion in the biofilm matrix . For instance, an experimental study demonstrated in vitro efficacy of bacteriophage on decreasing mean colony‐forming units in silicon discs inoculated with S. aureus strains; in a rabbit model, scanning electron microscopy demonstrated that biofilms had disappeared of the surface of the catheter after treatment .…”

Section: Eradicationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Central venous catheters and biofilms: where do we stand in 2017?

Gominet

Compain

Beloin

et al. 2017

APMIS

131

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The use of central venous catheters (CVC) is associated with a risk of microbial colonization and subsequent potentially severe infection. Microbial contamination of the catheter leads to the development of a microbial consortia associated with the CVC surface and embedded in an extracellular matrix, named biofilm. This biofilm provides bacterial cells the ability to survive antimicrobial agents and the host immune system and to disseminate to other sites of the body. The best preventive strategy is to avoid any unnecessary catheterization or to reduce indwelling duration when a CVC is required. Beside aseptic care and antibiotic-impregnated catheters (like minocycline/rifampin), preventive locks can be proposed in some cases, whereas non-biocidal approaches are under active research like anti-adhesive or competitive interactions strategies. When the diagnosis of catheter-related bloodstream infection (CRBSI) is suspected on clinical symptoms, it requires a microbiological confirmation by paired blood cultures in order to avoid unnecessary catheter removal. The treatment of CRBSI relies on catheter removal and systemic antimicrobials. However, antibiotic lock technique (ALT) can be used as an attempt to eradicate biofilm formed on the inside lumen of the catheter in case of uncomplicated long-term catheter-related BSI caused by coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) or Enterobacteriaceae. Recently, promising strategies have been developed to improve biofilm eradication; they rely on matrix degradation or destabilization or the development of anti-persister compounds, targeting the most tolerant bacterial cells inside the biofilm. Understanding biofilm formation at the molecular level may help us to develop new approaches to prevent or treat these frequent infections.

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Bacteriophage K for reduction ofStaphylococcus aureusbiofilm on central venous catheter material

Cited by 32 publications

References 25 publications

Effects of Staphylococcus aureus Bacteriophage K on Expression of Cytokines and Activation Markers by Human Dendritic Cells In Vitro

Effects of Staphylococcus aureus Bacteriophage K on Expression of Cytokines and Activation Markers by Human Dendritic Cells In Vitro

Strain Specific Phage Treatment for Staphylococcus aureus Infection Is Influenced by Host Immunity and Site of Infection

Central venous catheters and biofilms: where do we stand in 2017?

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