Bacteriostatic Activity of LLDPE Nanocomposite Embedded with Sol–Gel Synthesized TiO2/ZnO Coupled Oxides at Various Ratios

Abstract

Metal oxide-polymer nanocomposite has been proven to have selective bactericidal effects against the main and common pathogens (Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Gram-negative Escherichia coli (E. coli)) that can cause harmful infectious diseases. As such, this study looked into the prospect of using TiO2/ZnO with linear low-density polyethylene (LLDPE) to inactivate S. aureus and E. coli. The physical, structural, chemical, mechanical, and antibacterial properties of the nanocomposite were investigated in detail in this paper. The production of reactive species, such as hydroxyl radicals (•OH), holes (h+), superoxide anion radicals (O2•¯), and zinc ion (Zn2+), released from the nanocomposite were quantified to elucidate the underlying antibacterial mechanisms. LLDPE/25T75Z with TiO2/ZnO (1:3) nanocomposite displayed the best performance that inactivated S. aureus and E. coli by 95% and 100%, respectively. The dominant reactive active species and the zinc ion release toward the superior antibacterial effect of nanocomposite are discussed. This work does not only offer depiction of the effective element required for antimicrobial biomedical appliances, but also the essential structural characteristics to enhance water uptake to expedite photocatalytic activity of LLDPE/metal oxide nanocomposite for long term application.

Фототермическое действие инфракрасного (808 nm) лазерного излучения и наночастиц золота в различных модификациях на S. aureus

“…Влияние формы НЧ при антимикробном воздействии определяется механизмом этого действия. В тех случаях, когда контакт клеточной стенки и НЧ влечет за собой необратимые разрушения (действие активных форм кислорода (АФК), повреждения при миграции энергии при плазмонном резонансе), более выраженный эффект достигается наличием развитой поверхности [41][42][43]. При фотодинамической или фототермической терапии с использованием инфракрасного лазерного излучения предпочтительно использовать НЧ с настраиваемым плазмонным резонансом в окне прозрачности тканей при 750−900 nm, и первым выбором в этом случае являются наностержни [44,45].…”

Coupled Oxides/LLDPE Composites for Textile Effluent Treatment: Effect of Neem and PVA Stabilization

“…The procedure of synthesizing the ZnO/TiO 2 particles with a 3:1 ratio and designated as 3ZT-CO is given in a previous report [19]. It was prepared via sol-gel method using TTIP and ZAD with a ratio of 3:1.…”

Preparation and Photocatalytic Property of Ag Modified Titanium Dioxide Exposed High Energy Crystal Plane (001)

“…Water and CO 2 can be produced by reacting with organic pollutants, which can degrade most organic compounds [14]. In addition, superoxide radicals and hydroxyl radicals also have the ability to sterilize, purify the air, and prepare cleaning materials [15,16].…”

“…In order to achieve the aim of prolonging the lifetime of photogenerated electron holes, it is necessary to enhance their surface catalytic activity and boost the absorption of sunlight. A large number of modification methods were reported, such as exposure to specific crystal surfaces, heat treatment, semiconductor composite, metal and non-metal ion doping, precious metal deposition, and so on [16,[19][20][21][22][23][24]. The modification of TiO 2 by exposing specific crystal surfaces has been a hot topic in recent years [19,[25][26][27][28][29][30][31].…”