Balancing agency, gender and race: how do Muslim female teenagers in Quebec negotiate the social meanings embedded in the hijab?

Eid, Paul

doi:10.1080/01419870.2015.1005645

Cited by 26 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…For them, being seen clearly as Muslim avoids the frustration of correcting misplaced assumptions about who they are and what they believe and practice. Although previous studies on veiled women have mentioned a "desire to display publicly their Muslim identity" (Akou, 2007;Bilge, 2010;Eid, 2015Eid, , p. 1905) these studies did not discover, as this study has shown above, why a Muslim woman desired to be clearly identified as Muslim.…”

Section: Muslim Identitycontrasting

confidence: 82%

Women undercover: exploring the intersectional identities of Muslim women through modest fashion

Mirza¹

2021

Preprint

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Significant discrimination is directed toward Muslim women who dress modestly. Despite this Muslims will spend an estimated US$75 billion on modest fashion by 2020, a 70% increase since 2015. Past research in modest fashion has focused on influencers, the industry, or on veiling. Muslim women’s everyday dress practices and their lived experiences have not been studied. Through an intersectional framework, this research uses wardrobe interviews with sixteen Muslim women and digital storytelling with four of them to explore how they embody their identity through modest fashion, how intersectionality impacts their clothing choices, and what contexts influence their sartorial decisions. Three themes emerged: what influences their style; how they shop and style outfits; and what consequences are faced. My research found that by prioritizing modesty as a sartorial practice, these women are diverting the Western gaze, navigating away from superficial and oppressive Western beauty ideals, and challenging narrow Islamophobic stereotypes. Keywords: modesty, female modesty, sartorial agency, dressed bodies, fashion, hijab, Muslim, Islamophobia, intersectionality, fashion diversity, Western gaze, Orientalism

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Section: Muslim Identitycontrasting

confidence: 82%

Women undercover: exploring the intersectional identities of Muslim women through modest fashion

Mirza¹

2021

Preprint

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“…While some scholars portray the hijab as a symbol that allows women freedom of movement between Muslim and non-Muslim communities, between their faith and modern fashion (Botz-Bornstein and Abdullah-Khan, 2014; González, 2013; Mahmood, 2005), others argue that the Muslim hijab has become a political vehicle for all groups – Islamist and Feminist – to claim dominance over an incredibly diverse group of women (Winter, 2006). Some argue that the narrow focus on the hijab ignores not only the individuality of Muslim women, but ignores the intersectionalities of religion and other sources of identity, such as race, class, ethnicity, and gender that affect Muslim women’s lives (Eid, 2015; Ahmed, 2011; Ho and Dreher, 2009). Leila Ahmed found that American Muslims wearing the hijab gave reasons that were ‘typically individualistic and post-modern .…”

Section: Review Of the Literature On The Hijab In Non-majority Muslim (Western) Countriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The veil you know: Individual and societal-level explanations for wearing the hijab in comparative perspective

Al-Kazi

González

2018

Social Compass

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This article examines the individual and societal explanations for the persistence of the hijab as a conservative cultural norm in persistently religious and culturally conservative communities. Analyzing data from 300 hijab-wearing women in Egypt and 198 hijab-wearing women in Kuwait, our findings confirm the importance of considering societal as well as individual-level factors in the persistence of conservative cultural norms. We find that low salience of the hijab is associated with beliefs that others misuse the hijab. High salience of the hijab is correlated with beliefs that the hijab brings its wearer greater social mobility. Exposure to non-hijab-wearers was associated with both high and low salience of the hijab, and demonstrates the influence that exposure to norm breakers has on reinforcing the salience of conservative social norms.

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“…However, little literature exists on how social policies based on care and concern function outside of direct service spaces, namely the educational and rhetorical arm of such direct service programmes. Existing literature has shown how certain social policies and laws (namely those around family violence prevention) framed as in the best interests of Muslim immigrant women's empowerment and freedom actually function to govern and control Muslim immigrant women's public comportment, dress and sociality, such as the ban on the hijab in France and Québec (Fernando 2014; Eid 2015), or the schooling of Muslim immigrant youth in Denmark as a form of assimilation (Jaffe‐Walter, 2016). Shakira Hussein's book, Between Victims and Suspects: Muslim Women Since 9/11 , shows the potential dangers of social policies such as forced marriage prevention, when they are formed based on a fear of Muslim immigrants coupled with a criminal justice approach.…”

Section: Existing Research At the Intersection Of Social Policy Marriage And Migrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Centring migrant community voices in forced marriage prevention social policy: A proposed reframing

Zeweri

Shinkfield

2021

Aust J Social Issues

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In this article, we examine how young adult Muslim Australian women from immigrant families are navigating familial pressures around marriage, and what this can teach the forced marriage prevention sector about the importance of privileging community voices in its educational approach. Through an ethnographic approach that focuses on two women's recent experiences with social and cultural expectations around marriage, we argue that their strategies serve the prevention sector in the following ways: (1) they put into question the perpetrator-victim binary and official government warning signs, which suggest that coercive practices around marriage inherently render the family as a site of violence, and young adults as lacking the power to navigate these familial relationships; and (2) they reveal that young adult immigrant women see pressures around marriage through the prisms of collective care, sociality and the potential transformation and strengthening of familial bonds despite past experiences of social pressure.

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Balancing agency, gender and race: how do Muslim female teenagers in Quebec negotiate the social meanings embedded in the hijab?

Cited by 26 publications

References 25 publications

Women undercover: exploring the intersectional identities of Muslim women through modest fashion

Women undercover: exploring the intersectional identities of Muslim women through modest fashion

The veil you know: Individual and societal-level explanations for wearing the hijab in comparative perspective

Centring migrant community voices in forced marriage prevention social policy: A proposed reframing

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