BALB/c mice: Low sociability and other phenotypes that may be relevant to autism

Brodkin, Edward S.

doi:10.1016/j.bbr.2006.06.025

Cited by 204 publications

(159 citation statements)

References 156 publications

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“…The use of different stimulus pairs such as own vs other cage bedding or male vs. female, or young vs old conspecifics can provide information about the olfactory abilities, social habituation, preference for conspecifics of different ages and sex, etc. of the subject [10,40].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…When the stimulus animal is removed and later re-introduced, subjects display reduced investigation compared to the first encounter [6]. A three-chamber test modeled on place preference paradigms has been shown to provide quantitative, replicable, data on investigation of social and nonsocial stimuli, demonstrating preference for social stimuli, and habituation to individual social stimuli over repeated exposures [9][10][39][40].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A new test paradigm for social recognition evidenced by urinary scent marking behavior in C57BL/6J mice

Arakawa

Blanchard

et al. 2008

Behavioural Brain Research

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Olfaction is a major sensory element in intraspecies recognition and communication in mice. The present study investigated scent marking behaviors of males of the highly inbred C57BL/6J (C57) strain in order to evaluate the ability of these behaviors to provide clear and consistent measures of social familiarity and response to social signals. C57 males engage in scent marking when placed in a chamber with a wire mesh partition separating them from a conspecific. Male mice (C57 or outbred CD-1 mice) showed rapid habituation of scent marking (decreased marking over trials) with repeated exposure at 24-hr intervals, to a stimulus animal of the C57 or CD-1 strains, or to an empty chamber. Subsequent exposure to a genetically different novel mouse (CD-1 after CD-1 exposure, or CD-1 after C57 exposure) or to a novel context (different shaped chamber) produced recovery of marking, while responses to a novel but genetically identical mouse (C57 after C57 exposure) or to the empty chamber did not. This finding demonstrated that male mice differentiate familiar and novel conspecifics as expressed by habituation and recovery of scent marking, but neither C57 or CD-1 mice can differentiate new vs. familiar C57 males; likely due to similarities in their odor patterns. The data also indicate that scent marking can differentiate novel from familiar contexts.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A new test paradigm for social recognition evidenced by urinary scent marking behavior in C57BL/6J mice

Arakawa

Blanchard

et al. 2008

Behavioural Brain Research

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“…The most well described and examined is the BTBR T+ Itpr3tf/J (BTBR) inbred strain, in which deficits in a variety of social tasks, along with high repetitive self-grooming, marble burying, and digging, have been replicated by many laboratories [10,37,38,40]. In addition, the BALB/cJ (BALB) inbred strain displays strong social deficits at juvenile ages [45,147,148], and the C58/J inbred strain displays repetitive jumping [52]. The fact that the models are inbred strains without known genetic abnormalities reflecting risk genes for autism poses an issue for the selection of the appropriate control, but normally the behavioral comparisons were made against the C57BL/6 J (B6) inbred strain, which is a commonly used background strain with normal social behaviors and low repetitive behaviors.…”

Section: Recent Investigations (2010-14)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Behavioral and Neuroanatomical Phenotypes in Mouse Models of Autism

2015

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In order to understand the consequences of the mutation on behavioral and biological phenotypes relevant to autism, mutations in many of the risk genes for autism spectrum disorder have been experimentally generated in mice. Here, we summarize behavioral outcomes and neuroanatomical abnormalities, with a focus on highresolution magnetic resonance imaging of postmortem mouse brains. Results are described from multiple mouse models of autism spectrum disorder and comorbid syndromes, including the 15q11-13, 16p11.2, 22q11.2, Cntnap2, Engrailed2, Fragile X, Integrinβ3, MET, Neurexin1a, Neuroligin3, Reelin, Rett, Shank3, Slc6a4, tuberous sclerosis, and Williams syndrome models, and inbred strains with strong autism-relevant behavioral phenotypes, including BTBR and BALB. Concomitant behavioral and neuroanatomical abnormalities can strengthen the interpretation of results from a mouse model, and may elevate the usefulness of the model system for therapeutic discovery.

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“…These deficits in social approach can be modeled in mice by using social choice tasks, in which mice are presented with a choice between spending time in the proximity of another mouse, or remaining alone [7,30,31,33,42]. Inbred strain distributions using social choice tasks have shown that levels of social approach and preference are dependent upon genetic background, with some strains (AKR/J, C57BL/6J, C3H/HeJ, FVB/NJ) demonstrating high affiliation, and other strains (A/J, BALB/c, BALB/cByJ, BTBR T+tf/J, 129S1/SvImJ) having low preference or even avoidance [6,7,30,31,33,42].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Social approach and repetitive behavior in eleven inbred mouse strains

Moy

Nadler

Young³

et al. 2008

Behavioural Brain Research

222

211

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Core symptoms of autism include deficits in social interaction, impaired communication, and restricted, repetitive behaviors. The repetitive behavior domain encompasses abnormal motoric stereotypy, an inflexible insistence on sameness, and resistance to change. In recent years, many genetic mouse models of autism and related disorders have been developed, based on candidate genes for disease susceptibility. The present studies are part of an ongoing initiative to develop appropriate behavioral tasks for the evaluation of mouse models relevant to autism. We have previously reported profiles for sociability, preference for social novelty, and resistance to changes in a learned pattern of behavior, as well as other functional domains, for 10 inbred mouse strains of divergent genetic backgrounds. The present studies extend this multi-component behavioral characterization to several additional strains: C58/J, NOD/LtJ, NZB/B1NJ, PL/J, SJL/J, SWR/J, and the wild-derived PERA/ EiJ. C58/J, NOD/LtJ, NZB/B1NJ, SJL/J, and PERA/EiJ demonstrated low sociability, measured by time spent in proximity to an unfamiliar conspecific, with 30% to 60% of mice from these strains showing social avoidance. In the Morris water maze, NZB/B1NJ had a persistent bias for the quadrant where the hidden platform was located during acquisition, even after nine days of reversal training. A particularly interesting profile was found for C58/J, which had low social preference, poor performance in the T-maze, and overt motoric stereotypy. Overall, this set of tasks and observational methods provides a strategy for evaluating novel mouse models in behavioral domains relevant to the autism phenotype.

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BALB/c mice: Low sociability and other phenotypes that may be relevant to autism

Cited by 204 publications

References 156 publications

A new test paradigm for social recognition evidenced by urinary scent marking behavior in C57BL/6J mice

A new test paradigm for social recognition evidenced by urinary scent marking behavior in C57BL/6J mice

Behavioral and Neuroanatomical Phenotypes in Mouse Models of Autism

Social approach and repetitive behavior in eleven inbred mouse strains

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