Ballistic skin simulant

Jussila, Jorma; Leppäniemi, Ari; Paronen, Mikael; Kulomäki, Erkki

doi:10.1016/j.forsciint.2004.06.039

Cited by 112 publications

(84 citation statements)

References 12 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…The literature supports that a combination of foam and silicone rubber offers reproducible results, which are comparable with those of human skin [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14]. This combination provides a realistic elastic deformation response during penetration, i.e.…”

Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 59%

A study considering the force required for broken glass bottles to penetrate a skin simulant

et al. 2011

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Injuries and assaults related to alcohol consumption are a growing concern in many countries. In such cases, the use of impulsive weapons, an object from the immediate environment, such as a glass bottle, is not uncommon. This current study utilises a material testing system to measure the force required to push a broken glass bottle into a skin simulant with the displacement of the bottle into the skin simulant being recorded simultaneously, using a linear variable differential transformer (LVDT). From this data, load versus displacement plots were produced. Multi-detector computed tomography (MDCT) was also used to analyse bottle wall thickness to determine if a relationship could be found between force required for penetration and bottle wall thickness. The forces required for the penetration of the skin simulant ranged from 9.8 to 56.7 N. The range was found to be independent of bottle type with the variation in force for penetration being attributed to the varying fracture points, with some fractures presenting a sharper point on first contact with the skin. Although the dangers associated with the use of broken bottles as weapons is apparent, there is a paucity of information in this area in the current English literature, which this study has addressed. The results of this study also highlight the risks of attempting reconstructions of broken bottle stab events.

show abstract

Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 59%

A study considering the force required for broken glass bottles to penetrate a skin simulant

et al. 2011

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…As the values of tensile obtained for both C-X pilot and C-X Keltrol formulations were in the range expected for normal skin (2.1 to 21 MPa) (Wang et al 2002;Jussila et al 2005), the films obtained seemed adequate for use as dermal dressings also considering this requirement. Regardless of the type of xanthan used, however, the elongation at break of the films was low (around 2%), not reaching the values reported (Hansen and Jemec 2002;Jussila et al 2005) for normal skin, from 61 to 70%. The low elongation, however, did not disqualify biomaterials for application in the regeneration of skin, only indicated that they would not be recommended for the regions with high mechanical requirements, such as knees and elbows.…”

Section: Physico-chemical Characterization Of the Filmsmentioning

confidence: 58%

“…Similarly, films prepared only with chitosan or with chitosan combined with chitin had low tensile strength, varying between 3.0 and 6.5 MPa (Dallan et al 2007). As the values of tensile obtained for both C-X pilot and C-X Keltrol formulations were in the range expected for normal skin (2.1 to 21 MPa) (Wang et al 2002;Jussila et al 2005), the films obtained seemed adequate for use as dermal dressings also considering this requirement. Regardless of the type of xanthan used, however, the elongation at break of the films was low (around 2%), not reaching the values reported (Hansen and Jemec 2002;Jussila et al 2005) for normal skin, from 61 to 70%.…”

Section: Physico-chemical Characterization Of the Filmsmentioning

confidence: 85%

Properties of films obtained from biopolymers of different origins for skin lesions therapy

Bellini

Neto

Moraes

2015

Braz. arch. biol. technol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…28 The mechanical properties of these scaffolds are weaker than of the original tissue. The tensile strength of tendon is approximately 50 to 100 Mpa; 29,30 of skin, approximately 20 Mpa; 31 and of lung, only 1 to 2 Mpa. 32,33 The tensile strength of a non-cross-linked scaffold frozen at À808C is approximately 100 kPa but can be improved to approximately 700 kPa using chemical cross-linking using 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethyl aminopropyl) carbodiimide/N-hydroxysucc inimide, 3,17 whereas mechanical properties of collagen gels are inferior to these scaffolds (i.e., 5 kPa).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Construction of Collagen Scaffolds That Mimic the Three-Dimensional Architecture of Specific Tissues

2007

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Every tissue and organ has its own 3-dimensional (3D) extracellular matrix (ECM) organization. Cells in a 3D bioscaffold for tissue engineering typically align new ECM components according to the bioscaffold provided. Therefore, scaffolds with a specific 3D structural design resembling the actual ECM of a particular tissue may have great potential in tissue engineering. Here, we show that, using specific freezing regimes, 3D scaffolds that mimic the 3D architecture of specific tissues can be made from collagen. Three examples are given, namely, scaffolds resembling the cup-shaped parenchymal (alveolar) architecture of lung, scaffolds that mimic the parallel collagen organization of tendon, and scaffolds that mimic the 3D organization of skin. For the preparation of these tissue-specific scaffolds, we relied on simple techniques without the need for expensive or customized equipment. Freezing rate, type of suspension medium, and additives (e.g., ethanol) were found to be prime parameters in controlling scaffold morphology.

show abstract

Ballistic skin simulant

Cited by 112 publications

References 12 publications

A study considering the force required for broken glass bottles to penetrate a skin simulant

A study considering the force required for broken glass bottles to penetrate a skin simulant

Properties of films obtained from biopolymers of different origins for skin lesions therapy

Construction of Collagen Scaffolds That Mimic the Three-Dimensional Architecture of Specific Tissues

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About