Basic and applied aspects of the chemistry of radioactive iodine in a gas medium

Radiochemistry

“…148 Cooling waters from nuclear power plants can be monitored for the presence of radioiodine using a silver coated membrane 149 and the various methods for measuring gaseous emissions of these isotopes have been reviewed. 150 Gaseous emissions of argon-41, krypton-85 and xenon-133 from nuclear power plants can be measured 151 using specially designed germanium detectors.…”

The Composite Materials for Localization of Volatile Radioactive Iodine Forms from Steam-Air Phase during Severe Accidents at NPPs

“…However, in accordance with the general requirements for safety systems, alongside active ventilation systems for intercontainment space, nuclear power plants should include a passive ventilation system, which can be used during hypothetical severe accident with a complete loss of power supply. Now a passive-mode environmental protection system for decontamination of intercontainment area, which can be used in the event of severe accidents, was developed (Bronnikov, 2004;Zeyen et al, 2006;Friesen et al, 2001;Asmolov, 1994;Kulyukhin et al, 2008; State of the art report on iodine chemistry, 2007; State of the art report on nuclear aerosols, 2009; Kulyukhin et al, 2011). The basic purpose of developed passive filtration system is creation of a rarefaction in an intercontainment space due to the organized removal of the radioactive steam-air mixture from an intercontainment space at full loss of all power sources.…”

“…Despite a great number of volatile forms of radioiodine, the focus of attention in modern irradiated nuclear fuel reprocessing systems in both Russia and abroad, as well as at all nuclear power plants, is the localization of CsI radioactive aerosols and gaseous I 2 , HI, and CH 3 I. The study of the sorption of volatile compounds of radioactive iodine from a gas phase on a wide spectrum of sorbents has shown that the most effective are the sorbents containing 8-12 wt% of Ag (Kulyukhin et al, 2008; State of the art report on iodine chemistry, 2007; Kulyukhin et al, 2011). Because of high cost of Ag, which is the one of the basic components connecting radioactive iodine, there is a problem of decreasing of its quantity in sorbents by their modifying, or makes topical its replacement.…”