Beard reconstruction: A surgical algorithm

Ninković, Milomir; Heidekrueger, Paul I.; Ehrl, Denis; Spiegel, Felix von; Broer, P. Niclas

doi:10.1016/j.bjps.2016.03.017

Cited by 10 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…1,2 The lower facial scar hyperplasia and contracture severely affects patient's physical and mental health. 3,4 To restore good appearance of lower face and neck, sufficient pliable soft tissue is essential to resurface the defects after scar release. The objective and difficulty of the treatments were presented with differences from sexes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Lower facial esthetic units consist of lower lip, mandible, chin, and neck region which are vulnerable to burn injuries 1,2. The lower facial scar hyperplasia and contracture severely affects patient’s physical and mental health 3,4. To restore good appearance of lower face and neck, sufficient pliable soft tissue is essential to resurface the defects after scar release.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Restoration of Lower Facial and Neck Esthetics by Application of Pre-Expanded Bipedicle Scalp and Free Scapular Flaps

Pei

Zhang

et al. 2022

Journal of Craniofacial Surgery

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Restoration of Lower Facial and Neck Esthetics by Application of Pre-Expanded Bipedicle Scalp and Free Scapular Flaps

Pei

Zhang

et al. 2022

Journal of Craniofacial Surgery

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“…However, hair transplantation is usually time and labor consuming in order to achieve a dense hair pattern. [13] The survival rate of follicular units (FUs) and final appearance may be compromised due to poor blood supply of alopecia area or operation by less experienced surgeons. There are also risks of permanent hair loss or less hair density due to necrosis or infection caused by inadequate perfusion.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Staged reconstructive treatment for extensive irregular cicatricial alopecia after burn

Tang

Sun

et al. 2018

Medicine

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For extensive irregular cicatricial alopecia after burn, effective and pleasing restoration of hair-bearing scalp remains challenging. In this article, the authors presented staged reconstructive treatment for extensive irregular cicatricial alopecia with the goal to achieve better and reliable results. A retrospective review of staged reconstructive treatment performed in 16 patients with extensive irregular cicatricial alopecia after burn was conducted. In stage 1, final flaps were designed at 1st. Tissue expanders were placed into the subgaleal plane and serially inflated with normal saline. In stage 2, scarring tissues were excised and the expanded hair-bearing flaps were advanced to the defect. Hair grafts were harvested from excessive hair-bearing scalps excised from the flaps and replanted. For patients with less satisfactory results, stage 3 was performed by hair transplantation. Cicatricial area, follicular unit density, survival rate of hair grafts, and patients’ satisfaction were measured before and after each stage. Thirteen patients received 3-stage treatment, and 3 received 2-stage treatment. Significant improvements in aesthetics and patient satisfaction were achieved in all the patients. No flap necrosis, implant exposure or hematoma was observed. Ideal, aesthetic, and reliable results could be obtained using staged reconstructive treatment for patients with extensive irregular cicatricial alopecia after burn.

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“…[1][2][3][4][5][6] A flap based on the temporal artery as a source vessel may be particularly flexible. 7,8 This method is the primary treatment option for large eyebrow, mustache, beard, or sideburn defects, [9][10][11][12][13] as a flap can be designed from the scalp to create a hairy strip. A flap that contains cranial bone can also be designed for a bone defect repair.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Facial Defect Repair Using a Flap Based on the Superficial Temporal Artery

Liu

Yang

et al. 2021

Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery - Global Open

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Background: Although a local flap repair is optimal for facial defects, an extra flap or split-thickness skin graft may be needed if a sufficient local flap area is not available. In this study, we developed a distant axial pedicle flap procedure based on the inner transverse perforator of the ascending frontal branch of the superficial temporal artery to repair facial defects while meeting patients’ requirements for a like-for-like tissue reconstructive outcome. Methods: For defect repair after facial tumor removal, we designed upper frontal facial pedicle flaps based on the inner transverse perforator of the ascending frontal branch of the superficial temporal artery. Facelift procedures were applied concomitantly for donor site repair. Results: We applied the procedure to 12 patients who underwent curative lesion resection. Notably, all flaps survived. Venous congestion developed in only 1 case, in which the wound was covered with heparin sodium gauze to inhibit wound coagulation until the congestion gradually resolved. In all cases, the frontal donor site scars were adjacent to the hairline and were concealed very well by hair growth. During postoperative follow-ups of 8–43 months, the patients experienced only minor complications. Conclusions: The flap based on the inner transverse perforator of the ascending frontal branch of the superficial temporal artery is a useful alternative for facial defect repair surgery. The low incidence of complications and easy concealment of the donor site underscore the safe and aesthetically acceptable nature of the procedure.

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Beard reconstruction: A surgical algorithm

Cited by 10 publications

References 23 publications

Restoration of Lower Facial and Neck Esthetics by Application of Pre-Expanded Bipedicle Scalp and Free Scapular Flaps

Restoration of Lower Facial and Neck Esthetics by Application of Pre-Expanded Bipedicle Scalp and Free Scapular Flaps

Staged reconstructive treatment for extensive irregular cicatricial alopecia after burn

Facial Defect Repair Using a Flap Based on the Superficial Temporal Artery

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