Behavioral analysis of self-oscillating class D line drivers

Piessens, Tim; Steyaert, Michiel

doi:10.1109/tcsi.2005.844232

Cited by 29 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…In contrast, the self-oscillating variety of class-D amplifier, as treated in this paper, obviates the need for a carrier wave (Green & Williams, 1992;Høyerby & Andersen, 2009;Lu & Gharpurey, 2011;Piessens & Steyaert, 2005;Poulsen & Andersen, 2004;Putzeys, 2005Putzeys, , 2009Yu et al, 2009). It is thus potentially advantageous for low-cost implementation, since it eliminates the requirement for a separate high-precision carrier-wave generator.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…The use of such a quasi-static assumption is understandable, because the audio signal typically varies only slightly over one period of the switching of the pulse-train, and it seems to provide a reasonable "leading-order" approximation to the operation of the device, albeit after some parameter fitting (Lu & Gharpurey, 2011). Other analyses (Chang & Tan, 2011;Piessens & Steyaert, 2005) approximate the behaviour of the comparator that generates the rectangular-wave output. However, it is difficult to quantify the effects of the various (often rather ad hoc) approximations in prior treatments, and it is unclear that all contributions to practically important quantities such as the total harmonic distortion (THD) have been properly accounted for.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Analysis of a hysteresis-controlled self-oscillating class-D amplifier

Cox¹,

Yu²,

Goh³

et al. 2016

IMA J Appl Math

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This paper gives the first systematic perturbation analysis of the audio distortion and mean switching period for a self-oscillating class-D amplifier. Explicit expressions are given for all the principal components of audio distortion, for a general audio input signal; the specific example of a sinusoidal input is also discussed in some detail, yielding an explicit closed-form expression for the total harmonic distortion (THD). A class-D amplifier works by converting a low-frequency audio input signal to a high-frequency train of rectangular pulses, whose widths are slowly modulated according to the audio signal. The audiofrequency components of the pulse-train are designed to agree with those of the audio signal. In many varieties of class-D amplifier, the pulse-train is generated using a carrier wave of fixed frequency, well above the audio range. In other varieties, as here, there is no such fixed-frequency clock, and the local frequency of the pulse-train varies in response to the audio input. Such self-oscillating designs pose a particular challenge for comprehensive mathematical modelling; we show that in order to properly account for the local frequency variations, a warped-time transformation is necessary. The systematic nature of our calculation means it can potentially be applied to a range of other self-oscillating topologies. Our results for a general input allow ready calculation of distortion diagnostics such as the intermodulation distortion (IMD), which prior analyses, based on sinusoidal input, cannot provide.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of a hysteresis-controlled self-oscillating class-D amplifier

Cox¹,

Yu²,

Goh³

et al. 2016

IMA J Appl Math

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“…Hence, in principle, all non-linearity effects of the modulator could be derived from this equation using numerical methods. After obtaining u from this equation, the instantaneous carrier frequency can also be accurately calculated using (10).…”

Section: A General Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The average carrier frequency of the modulator, ω 1 , can be accurately calculated by averaging (10). But it is easier to use the estimation in (15).…”

Section: Sinusoidal Input Signalmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Analytical Expressions for the Distortion of Asynchronous Sigma–Delta Modulators

Babaie-Fishani

Keymeulen

Rombouts

2013

IEEE Trans. Circuits Syst. II

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Abstract-This work investigates the commonly used Asynchronous Sigma Delta Modulator which consists of a schmitttrigger and a continuous time loop filter. A detailed analysis is presented to accurately predict the distortion of such modulators. The extracted expressions are compared with simulation results and they illustrate an excellent match. The results are also compared with a previous work by Roza and they show a drastic improvement in accuracy.

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