Behavioural responses of South African youth to the HIV/AIDS epidemic: A nationwide survey

Simbayi, Leickness C.; Chauveau, Jean‐Pierre; Shisana, Olive

doi:10.1080/09540120410001716405

Cited by 63 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 6 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Nigeria is reported to have the largest number of HIV/AIDS cases in Sub-Saharan Africa; UNAIDS (2002) stated that HIV infection and related illnesses are pronounced in teenagers and young people (Simbayi et al, 2004). As will be detailed later, this matches the results of our study in Lagos State Schools which evaluated the impact of the HIV Counselling and Testing Centres (HCT).…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 78%

Evaluation of HIV health services in Lagos State: an empirical study

Apena

Bali

Binnersley

et al. 2014

IJSEM

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 78%

Evaluation of HIV health services in Lagos State: an empirical study

Apena

Bali

Binnersley

et al. 2014

IJSEM

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…2 According to 2 recent surveys, however, including the survey on which the current study was based, only about 57% to 59% of young men and 48% of young women report having used a condom during their most recent sexual intercourse. 2,4 Although these percentages are much higher than in the past, 5 they are lower than what would be necessary to curb the epidemic among young adults 15 to 24 years old.…”

Section: Methods Samplementioning

confidence: 80%

Predictors of Condom Use Among Young Adults in South Africa: The Reproductive Health and HIV Research Unit National Youth Survey

et al. 2007

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objectives. We examined correlates of condom use among a national random probability sample of sexually experienced young adults aged 15 to 24 years (n = 7686) in South Africa.Methods. Using data from the Reproductive Health and HIV Research Unit National Youth Survey, we conducted gender-stratified bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses to determine predictors of whether respondents had used a condom during their most recent sexual intercourse.Results. Condom use at sexual debut and talking with one's first sexual partner about condoms were the most significant predictors of condom use at most recent intercourse. Other significant predictors included high condom use selfefficacy, optimism about the future, and reported behavior change attributable to HIV/AIDS. Young adults who were married or had been involved in a relationship for 6 months or more were significantly less likely to have used a condom during their most recent sexual intercourse.Conclusions. Our findings point to the importance of exposing youths to sexuality education before their sexual debut as well as voluntary counseling and testing and programming that supports young adults, particularly young women, in making informed decisions about sexual intercourse and condoms. (Am J Public Health.

show abstract

“…43 Based on regional and national studies of sexual debut in South Africa, we estimated that all individuals in Soweto are sexually active by this age. [44][45][46][47] Using national and province-specific HIV prevalence data for individuals aged 15 to 49 years, 47 we estimated an initial HIV prevalence of 11.6% for men and 20.0% for women. We assumed an antiretroviral (ARV)-naive population.…”

Section: Input Parameters Assumptions and Initial Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…19,25,58 We used the median time from AIDS development to death of 9.2 months (1/μ 3,j = 0.8 years) for the duration of AIDS. 58 These disease progression times were based on studies from a cohort in rural Uganda before the availability of ARV therapy in this area.From studies of condom use in South Africa, [44][45][46][47]50 we estimated that baseline condom use was 50% in all sexual partnerships (h i,0 = 0.5). We used a condom failure rate of 14% over the course of each sexual partnership (f = 0.14).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Predicting the Impact of a Partially Effective HIV Vaccine and Subsequent Risk Behavior Change on the Heterosexual HIV Epidemic in Low- and Middle-Income Countries

Andersson

Owens²,

Vardas³

et al. 2007

JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

SummaryWe developed a mathematical model to simulate the impact of various partially effective preventive HIV vaccination scenarios in a population at high risk for heterosexually transmitted HIV. We considered an adult population defined by gender (male/female), disease stage (HIVnegative, HIV-positive, AIDS, and death), and vaccination status (unvaccinated/vaccinated) in Soweto, South Africa. Input data included initial HIV prevalence of 20% (women) and 12% (men), vaccination coverage of 75%, and exclusive male negotiation of condom use. We explored how changes in vaccine efficacy and post-vaccination condom use would affect HIV prevalence and total HIV infections prevented over a 10-year period. In the base-case scenario, a 40% effective HIV vaccine would avert 61,000 infections and reduce future HIV prevalence from 20% to 13%. A 25% increase (or decrease) in condom use among vaccinated individuals would instead avert 75,000 (or only 46,000) infections and reduce the HIV prevalence to 12% (or only 15%). Furthermore, certain combinations of increased risk behavior and vaccines with <43% efficacy could worsen the epidemic. Even modestly effective HIV vaccines can confer enormous benefits in terms of HIV infections averted and decreased HIV prevalence. However, programs to reduce risk behavior may be important components of successful vaccination campaigns. 4 Given the urgent need for an HIV vaccine, vaccines with only partial efficacy are likely to be used initially in populations at high risk for HIV infection. 5 The potential for post-vaccination risk-taking behavior to increase poses a significant threat to the successful use of partially effective vaccines in future vaccination programs. [5][6][7][8] Individuals might increase their risk-taking behavior, assuming they are completely protected from HIV when, in reality, they might have only limited protection or none at all. [9][10][11][12][13][14] Models have shown that even a partially effective HIV vaccine with minimal efficacy could have an enormous population impact on the HIV epidemic in high-risk groups or areas with a high prevalence of HIV, such as sub-Saharan Africa, [15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22] but that the magnitude of this impact depends on a fine balance between the efficacy of the vaccine, the vaccine coverage level, and the change in risky behavior. 18,20,[23][24][25][26][27] NIH Public Access MethodsWe developed a dynamic compartmental epidemic model for heterosexual HIV transmission and disease progression to simulate the impact of various partially effective preventive HIV vaccination scenarios and subsequent changes in risk behavior in a population at high risk for heterosexually transmitted HIV in Soweto, South Africa.* For this study, a preventive vaccine is defined as a vaccine that prevents primary infection with HIV, and a partially effective vaccine (low-efficacy vaccine, imperfect vaccine) is defined as a vaccine with less than 100% efficacy, or ability to prevent transmission of HIV. Model DescriptionThe model defines 6 "c...

show abstract

Behavioural responses of South African youth to the HIV/AIDS epidemic: A nationwide survey

Cited by 63 publications

References 6 publications

Evaluation of HIV health services in Lagos State: an empirical study

Evaluation of HIV health services in Lagos State: an empirical study

Predictors of Condom Use Among Young Adults in South Africa: The Reproductive Health and HIV Research Unit National Youth Survey

Predicting the Impact of a Partially Effective HIV Vaccine and Subsequent Risk Behavior Change on the Heterosexual HIV Epidemic in Low- and Middle-Income Countries

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About