Beijing strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in smear-positive tuberculosis patients in North-West and West of Iran

Abstract

Background:Tuberculosis (TB) is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality among chronic infectious diseases. The goal of this cross-sectional study (2012–2014) was to examine the prevalence of Mycobacterium TB (MTB) Beijing strains in regions near the Iranian border and to identify any epidemiological links.Materials and Methods:To this end, MTB isolates were harvested, from 64 HIV-negative, pulmonary smear-positive TB patients from the Iranian border provinces of East Azerbaijan (North-West), Kurdistan (West), and Kermanshah (West) (2012–2014). Isolates were subjected to restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis, using the insertion sequence IS6110 as a probe (IS6110 RFLP), and drug susceptibility testing by the proportion method. We gathered demographic and clinical data using a questionnaire and reviewing patient records. Results were analyzed with Gel Compare II 6.6 and SPSS-18.Results:The mean age of the patients was 54.4 years and 46.9% were male. The prevalence of Beijing strains among the isolates was 9.4% (17.6% in the Western provinces and 0% in East Azerbaijan). There was a statistically significant relationship between the Beijing strains and drug resistance and also between these strains, and the recurrence of TB in patients that had previously received treatment (P = 0.02 and P = 0.04, respectively).Conclusions:Finally, the prevalence of Beijing strains in Western Iran was greater than expected. Our results therefore indicate that regional and cross-border tracing may be necessary to control spread of this organism.

The relationship between embb306 and embb406 mutations and ethambutol resistant in Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolated from patiens in west of Iran

“…Drug susceptibility testing of M. tuberculosis (the proportional method) was done according to the standards of mycobacteriological procedures for isoniazid (INH) (0.2 µg/ml), rifampin (RIF) (40 µg/ml), streptomycin (STR) (4 µg/ml), and EMB (2 µg/ml). The H37RV reference strain of M. tuberculosis was served as quality control for EMB susceptibility testing (5).…”

Trends in Mycobacterium tuberculosis Transmission During a 10-year Period (2006-2016) in the Northwest of Iran by MIRU-VNTR Molecular Typing

“…The Republic of Azerbaijan is a traditionally prevalent center for Beijing genotypes of tuberculosis (30). However, recent studies indicated an increasing prevalence of Beijing and New Delhi strains in Iran by immigration from Afghanistan to the west and northwest of Iran (31,32). The increase in the number of genotypes with resistance to antibiotics can cause hardship in infection control that needs attention for con-trol of infection transmission from Republic of Azerbaijan to Iran.…”

Role of immigration in tuberculosis transmission to Iran: A systematic review

“…The Beijing strain has not been reported in Eastern and Western Azarbaijan and Markazi provinces. [ 17 19 21 22 27 30 38 ] The strain of Beijing was first reported by Doroudchi et al . [ 32 ] in Iran.…”