Belizean “Boyz ‘n the ‘Hood”? Garifuna Labor Migration and Transnational Identity 1

Matthei, Linda Miller

doi:10.4324/9781351301244-9

Cited by 2 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…For instance, Filipino women's migration experiences, initially pigeonholed into nanny roles, have evolved over time in response to shifting social perceptions. Transnational family formation is explored as a strategy to address racial disparities (Matthei andSmith, 1998, Hondagneu-Sotelo andAvila, 1997). In the case of Cuban women, migration to the labor market is primarily driven by family needs rather than personal self-actualization (Ferree, 1979).…”

Section: Social Transformationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reconstructed Heteronormative Tendencies on Representation of Women in Transnational Migration

KENDİR-GÖK

2023

Nevşehir Hacı Bektaş Veli Üniversitesi SBE Dergisi

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The objective of this article is to offer a critical and analytical examination of transnational migration data, encompassing empirical studies that underscore the "emancipation" and "empowerment" of women in the economic, social, and political dimensions of transnational migration while elucidating how these elements reinforce binary gender conceptualizations. The article will follow this structure: Firstly, an investigation into transnational migration and its ramifications on the 'social transformation' of women's lives will be conducted. Secondly, an exploration into the portrayal of the economic status of immigrant and displaced women as "empowered" in the existing research and discourse, particularly through enhancements in social status. Thirdly, an examination of political empowerment within the context of evolving marital dynamics will be undertaken, delving deeper into the discourse surrounding gender. This article will elucidate how numerous scholars may perpetuate gender binaries by not engaging in a comprehensive critical analysis of gender while contributing to the ongoing discourse concerning women immigrants and refugees.

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Section: Social Transformationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reconstructed Heteronormative Tendencies on Representation of Women in Transnational Migration

KENDİR-GÖK

2023

Nevşehir Hacı Bektaş Veli Üniversitesi SBE Dergisi

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“…Exceptions in the Americas include Flores (2009), Gemert (2001), Hagedorn (2008), and Johns (2014), and Roks (2017) and Roks and Densley (2019) in Europe. In the Belizean case, only Miller Matthei and Smith (1998) have focused on transnatnioalism, although this research took place before the dramatic rise in gang violence in the country. In stark contrast to maras , research on gangs in Belize is scarce.…”

Section: Literature and Contributionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In 1991, a Crimes Commission was set up to create legislation responding to growing public concern around the gang phenomenon. Responses included mano dura type crackdowns, representing clear dissonance with clientelist forms of gang engagement, and for the first time in the country’s history, the Belizean Defence Force was deployed to the streets (Miller Matthei and Smith 1998), although present day responses are led by the specially created Gang Suppression Unit. As with the maras , these measures have proved to be counter-productive, driving the “overutilization” of juvenile incarceration where young men are regularly held for lengthy pre-trial periods on misdemeanor charges, as they say locally “fi wan stick o weed” , for one joint (Peirce 2017, p. 5; UNDP and Government of Belize 2013).…”

Section: Gang Violence In Belizementioning

confidence: 99%

“Man a Kill a Man for Nutin”: Gang Transnationalism, Masculinities, and Violence in Belize City

Baird

2019

Men and Masculinities

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Belize has one of the highest homicide rates in the world; however, the gangs at the heart of this violence have rarely been studied. Using a masculinities lens and original empirical data, this article explores how Blood and Crip “gang transnationalism” from the United States of America flourished in Belize City. Gang transnationalism is understood as a “transnational masculinity” that makes cultural connections between local settings of urban exclusion. On one hand, social terrains in Belize City generated masculine vulnerabilities to the foreign gang as an identity package with the power to reconfigure positions of subordination; on the other, the establishment of male gang practices with a distinct hegemonic shape, galvanized violence and a patriarchy of the streets in already marginalized communities. This article adds a new body of work on gangs in Belize, and gang transnationalism, whilst contributing to theoretical discussions around the global to local dynamics of hegemonic masculinities discussed by Connell and Messerschmidt (2005) and Messerschmidt (2018).

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Belizean “Boyz ‘n the ‘Hood”? Garifuna Labor Migration and Transnational Identity 1

Cited by 2 publications

References 0 publications

Reconstructed Heteronormative Tendencies on Representation of Women in Transnational Migration

Reconstructed Heteronormative Tendencies on Representation of Women in Transnational Migration

“Man a Kill a Man for Nutin”: Gang Transnationalism, Masculinities, and Violence in Belize City

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