Below-Ground Herbivory in Natural Communities: A Review Emphasizing Fossorial Animals

Andersen, Douglas C.

doi:10.1086/415512

Cited by 193 publications

(113 citation statements)

References 123 publications

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“…Mammalian herbivores, especially those foraging for belowground plant material, can structure ecosystems (Andersen 1987, Whitford and Kay 1999, Gutiérrez and Jones 2006. However, this impact may have negative effects if invasive herbivores are introduced into ecosystems where belowground mammalian foraging was not originally present.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Belowground foraging by mammals maintains the structure and influences the function of ecosystems globally (Andersen 1987, Whitford and Kay 1999, Gutiérrez and Jones 2006. Belowground foraging mammals move and mix soil from different horizons, altering soil properties such as moisture, temperature, compaction and nutrient distribution (Huntly and Reichman 1994).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Disparate responses of above‐ and belowground properties to soil disturbance by an invasive mammal

2014

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Abstract. Introduced mammalian herbivores can negatively affect ecosystem structure and function if they introduce a novel disturbance to an ecosystem. For example, belowground foraging herbivores that bioturbate the soil, may alter process rates and community composition in ecosystems that lack native belowground mammalian foragers. Wild boar (Sus scrofa) disturb the soil system and plant community via their rooting behavior in their native range. Given their size and the numbers in their populations, this disturbance can be significant in forested ecosystems. Recently, wild boar were introduced to Patagonian forests lacking native mammalian herbivores that forage belowground. To explore how introduced wild boar might alter forested ecosystems, we conducted a large-scale wild boar exclusion experiment in three different forest types (Austroducedrus chilensis forest, Nothofagus dombeyi forest, and shrublands). Wild boar presence altered plant composition and structure, reducing plant biomass 3.8-fold and decreasing both grass and herb cover relative to areas where wild boar were excluded. Decomposition rates and soil compaction also declined by 5% in areas where boar had access; however, rooting had no effect on soil nutrient stocks and cycling. Interestingly, there were no differences in wild boar impacts on different forest types. We found that after 3-years of exclusion, belowground foraging by wild boar had a larger impact on plant community structure and biomass than it did on soil nutrient processes.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disparate responses of above‐ and belowground properties to soil disturbance by an invasive mammal

2014

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“…Phyllophaga tumulosa notoriamente (pero no significativa estadísticamente) prefirió las raíces de tomate verde y frijol sobre las del maíz; la ligera o moderada herbivoría de estas larvas pudo haber provocado la regeneración de sus raíces (respuesta de compensación); lo que ocasiona el funcionamiento normal de la planta o permite la distribución más eficiente de los nutrimentos (Andersen 1987;Murray et al 2002). Se ha registrado que el maíz puede tolerar la herbivoría en sus raíces de Diabrotica virgifera en etapas tempranas de su desarrollo, sin ocasionar pérdida en su biomasa, y provocar un crecimiento compensatorio en la planta; sin embargo esto depende del desarrollo fenológico o de la intensidad del ataque del herbívoro (Godfrey et al 1993), además de la humedad y contenido de nitrógeno disponibles en el suelo para la planta (Dunn & Frommelt 1998), ya que de lo contrario la planta sufre serios daños por la herbivoría (Crutchfield et al 1995).…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Respuesta olfativa de larvas de phyllophaga raviday p. tumulosa ( melolonthidae) a volátiles de raíces de cuatro plantas hospederas

Méndez-Aguilar¹,

Castro-Ramírez

Rojas

et al. 2008

AZM

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RESUMENEn este trabajo se investigó la respuesta olfativa de larvas de terceros estadios de Phyllophaga ravida (Blanchard 1850) y Phyllophaga tumulosa (Bates 1888) ante las raíces de Zea mays L. (Gramineae), Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers. (Gramineae), Phaseolus vulgaris L. (Leguminosae) y Physalis philadelphica Lam. (Solanaceae). Se utilizó un olfatómetro "Y", con una raíz de papel filtro como testigo; las larvas de P. ravida no mostraron preferencia olfativa por ninguna de las raíces probadas; mientras que las larvas de P. tumulosa prefirieron la del tomate verde. En terrarios de cristal se sembraron una planta de maíz (control) y otra de frijol o tomate verde, y se infestaron con dos larvas de P. ravida o de P. tumulosa, excepto los testigos, para registrar la preferencia hacia un tipo de raíz en el suelo. Las larvas de Phyllophaga ravida tuvieron mayor presencia en las raíces del maíz que en las del frijol o del tomate verde y aumentaron significativamente de peso en las combinaciones frijol-maíz y tomate verde-maíz. Las larvas de P. tumulosa prefirieron las raíces del tomate verde que las del maíz o del frijol, y aumentaron significativamente de peso en la combinación tomate verde-maíz. La preferencia olfativa de P. tumulosa por la raíz del tomate verde se corroboró en los terrarios. Palabras clave: olfatómetro, insectos edáficos, complejo "gallina ciega", plaga agrícola, Gramineae, Leguminosae, Solanaceae. ABSTRACTThe olfactory responses of third instar larvae of Phyllophaga ravida (Blanchard 1850) and Phyllophaga tumulosa (Bates 1888) to Zea mays L. (Gramineae), Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers. (Gramineae), Phaseolus vulgaris L. (Leguminosae) and Physalis philadelphica Lam. (Solanaceae) roots were studied in the laboratory. The olfactory response was investigated using a "Y" olfactometer. P. ravida larvae did not show any preference for roots of any of the four plant species, while P. tumulosa larvae preferred green tomato roots. The preference of both species of larvae for roots of maize, bean or green tomato was investigated in a glass terrarium. Phyllophaga ravida larvae were more frequently found in maize roots than in bean or green tomato roots, and larvae of this species increased significantly their weight in the combinations between bean-maize and green tomato-maize.

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“…The potential problems to host plants arising from root attack by insects include: drought stress to the plant caused by pruning of the root system ANDERSEN, 1987;HOU et al, 1997 , loss of reproductive output DUTCHER et. al., 1979 and an increase in the plant's susceptibility to infection by soil-borne pathogens JIN et al, 1992;CAESAR, 2003 .…”

Section: ; Shields Et Al 2009mentioning

confidence: 99%

Otiorrhynchus Ligustici L. (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) I. Comparative Study of the Resistance of Alfalfa Varieties

Nikolova¹,

Georgieva²

2012

bjbabe

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Below-Ground Herbivory in Natural Communities: A Review Emphasizing Fossorial Animals

Cited by 193 publications

References 123 publications

Disparate responses of above‐ and belowground properties to soil disturbance by an invasive mammal

Disparate responses of above‐ and belowground properties to soil disturbance by an invasive mammal

Respuesta olfativa de larvas de phyllophaga raviday p. tumulosa ( melolonthidae) a volátiles de raíces de cuatro plantas hospederas

Otiorrhynchus Ligustici L. (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) I. Comparative Study of the Resistance of Alfalfa Varieties

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