Benchmarking and multivariate data analysis techniques for improving the efficiency of irrigation districts: An application in spain

Díaz, J.A. Rodríguez; Poyato, Emilio Camacho; Luque, Rafael; Pérez-Urrestarazu, Luis

doi:10.1016/j.agsy.2007.07.010

Cited by 95 publications

(60 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Rodríguez-Díaz et al (2008) observed that in irrigation districts in southern Spain where the costs were charged in part per volume of water, less water was diverted per area of irrigated land. In BMD, farmers shifted from no charge per water applied to a rate around € 0.027 m -3 .…”

Section: Improvements In Efficiency Of Water Services and Water Usementioning

confidence: 99%

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The paradox of irrigation scheme modernization: more efficient water use linked to higher energy demand

Díaz

Pérez-Urrestarazu

Poyato

et al. 2011

Span. j. agric. res.

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In recent years, many modernization processes have been undertaken in irrigation districts with the main objective to improve water use efficiency. In southern Spain, many irrigation districts have either been modernized or are currently being improved. However, as part of the modernization process some unexpected side effects have been observed. This paper analyzes the relative advantages and limitations of modernization based on field data collected in a typical Andalusian irrigation district. Although the amount of water diverted for irrigation to farms has been considerably reduced, consumptive use has increased, mainly due to a change in crop rotations. The costs for operation and system maintenance have dramatically risen (400%) as the energy for pumping pressurized systems is much higher now compared to gravity fed systems used previously. Then a regional analysis in ten Southern Spain irrigation districts of the relationship between energy requirements and irrigation water applied has been carried out. Results show that to apply an average depth of 2590 m 3 ha, the energy required was estimated to be 1000 kWh ha -1 . A new approach is needed that involves efficient management of both water and energy resources in these modernized systems. Finally, some energy saving options are identified and discussed.Additional key words: energy use; performance indicators; pressurized irrigation networks; Spain. ResumenLa paradoja de la modernización de zonas regables: uso más eficiente del agua vinculado al aumento de la demanda energética En los últimos años se han llevado a cabo numerosos procesos de modernización en comunidades de regantes con el principal objetivo de mejorar la eficiencia en el uso del agua. En el sur de España se han modernizado, o están en proceso, muchas comunidades de regantes, pero se han observado efectos diferentes a los previstos. En este trabajo se analizan las ventajas e inconvenientes de la modernización usando datos de campo obtenidos en una comunidad de regantes típica de Andalucía. Aunque la cantidad de agua destinada para el riego de las parcelas se redujo, el uso consuntivo de agua se incrementó, fundamentalmente debido al cambio de cultivos. Los costes de operación y mantenimiento del sistema aumentaron considerablemente (400%) ya que la energía requerida para bombear el agua a la red de presión es muy superior en comparación con la situación anterior. Posteriormente se analiza la relación entre el uso del agua y el consumo energético en diez comunidades de regantes del sur de España. Los resultados muestran que para aplicar una lámina media de 2590 m 3 ha -1 , la energía requerida es de 1000 kWh ha -1 . Por ello, en este tipo de redes, cada vez es más necesario manejar los recursos agua y energía de una manera eficiente. Finalmente se discuten diversas medidas de ahorro energético.Palabras clave adicionales: eficiencia energética; España; indicadores de gestión; redes de riego a presión.

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Section: Improvements In Efficiency Of Water Services and Water Usementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Water losses via conveyance were estimated to be approximately close to 25% (Rodríguez-Díaz et al, 2008). More than 70% of the area used surface irrigation with only a small proportion using drip irrigation, usually where farmers had their own small reservoirs and booster pumps.…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

The paradox of irrigation scheme modernization: more efficient water use linked to higher energy demand

Díaz

Pérez-Urrestarazu

Poyato

et al. 2011

Span. j. agric. res.

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“…In the last years, research efforts were devoted to the improvement of irrigation efficiency by means of benchmarking techniques and performance indicators (Malano and Burton, 2001;Rodríguez-Díaz et al, 2008). Recent studies have focused on the need to improve water and energy efficiency at the same time (PulidoCalvo et al, 2003;ITRC, 2005;Moreno et al, 2007Moreno et al, , 2009Vieira and Ramos, 2009;Daccache et al, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of energy audits in irrigated areas. The case of ‘Fuente Palmera’ irrigation district (Spain)

Carrillo-Cobo¹,

Díaz²,

Poyato³

1970

Span. j. agric. res.

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In recent years, energy consumption for irrigation has grown rapidly. Actually, nowadays energy represents a significant percentage on the total water costs in irrigation districts using energy to pressurize water. With the aim of improving energy efficiency in the Fuente Palmera irrigation district, was applied the protocol for conducting energy audits in irrigation districts developed by Spanish Institute for Diversification and Energy Savings (IDAE). The irrigated area organized in two independent sectors according to a homogeneous elevation criterion is analyzed and simulated. The potential energy savings derived from this measure was evaluated. For this purpose, a model based on the hydraulic simulator EPANET has been carried out. Its energy demand was estimated in 1,360 kWh ha -1 and its overall energy efficiency in 56%. The district was globally classified in group C (normal). Results show potential energy savings of up to 12% were obtained when the network was divided in sectors and farmers organized in two irrigation shifts. Further energy savings could be achieved by improving the hydraulic structures, such as the pumping station or the network layout and dimensions.Additional key words: energy efficiency; pressurised irrigation networks; water management; water supply systems. ResumenLa importancia de las auditorías energéticas en zonas regables. El caso de la zona regable de Fuente Palmera (España)En los últimos años, el consumo de energía en el regadío ha crecido de forma significativa. De hecho, hoy en día la energía representa un importante porcentaje de los costes totales del agua en las comunidades de regantes que usan energía para presurizar el agua. Con el objetivo de mejorar la eficiencia en el uso de la energía en la Comunidad de Regantes de Fuente Palmera, se ha aplicado el protocolo para la realización de auditorías energéticas, elaborado por el Instituto para la Diversificación y Ahorro de Energía (IDAE). Se ha analizado y simulado los ahorros potenciales de energía alcanzados si se reorganiza la demanda en turnos de riego, sectorizando la red en grupos de cota homogénea. Esta medida ha sido evaluada mediante el simulador hidráulico EPANET. Su demanda de energía se estimó en 1.360 kWh ha -1 y su eficiencia energética global en el 56%. De esta forma se clasificó la comunidad dentro del grupo C (normal). Los resultados muestran ahorros potenciales de energía hasta el 12% mediante la sectorización de la red y la organización de los regantes en dos turnos. Medidas alternativas de mejora en las estructuras hidráulicas, tales como en la estación de bombeo o en el diseño de la red alcanzarían relevantes ahorros energéticos.Palabras clave adicionales: eficiencia energética; gestión del agua; redes de riego a presión; sistemas de suministro de agua. * Corresponding author: jarodriguez@uco.es Received: 26-02-10; Accepted: 18-06-10.Abbreviations used: ECI (energy charge index), EDR (energy dependence rate), ER (energy required), ESE (energy supply efficiency), IDAE (Instituto para la Diversi...

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“…Irrigation benchmarking is a process of assessing irrigation performance by using measurable indicators to support decision making for improvement in irrigation (Rodriguez-Diaz et al 2008, Santos et al 2010. One of the key performance indicators is TWS to an 'irrigation unit' in relation to the CWR within that spatial unit (McAllister 2008).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Satellite-Based Measurements for Benchmarking Regional Irrigation Performance in Goulburn-Murray Catchment

Abuzar¹,

McAllister²,

Whitfield³

et al. 2012

Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci.

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ABSTRACT:Irrigation has a significant impact on regional water resources in south-eastern Australia. It is therefore important that objective assessments of the current use of water are undertaken on a routine basis. New remote sensing technologies now provide an opportunity to assess and monitor water use at farm and catchment scales. This study demonstrates the use of satellite-based estimates of evapotranspiration (ET) and NDVI (Normalised Difference Vegetation Index) in irrigation performance indicators that relate crop water use to crop water requirement (CWR) in the Goulburn-Murray Irrigation Region of South-Eastern Australia. The METRIC energy balance algorithm (Allen et al 2007) was used to derive ET estimates from Landsat satellite data.

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Benchmarking and multivariate data analysis techniques for improving the efficiency of irrigation districts: An application in spain

Cited by 95 publications

References 11 publications

The paradox of irrigation scheme modernization: more efficient water use linked to higher energy demand

The paradox of irrigation scheme modernization: more efficient water use linked to higher energy demand

The role of energy audits in irrigated areas. The case of ‘Fuente Palmera’ irrigation district (Spain)

Satellite-Based Measurements for Benchmarking Regional Irrigation Performance in Goulburn-Murray Catchment

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