Beyond anecdotal evidence: Do subsidized housing developments increase neighborhood crime?

Woo, Ayoung; Joh, Kenneth

doi:10.1016/j.apgeog.2015.09.004

Cited by 31 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…This study's results further suggest that the presence of more LIHTC units in a state or county is associated with reduced rates of child maltreatment, indicating that increasing affordable housing may be a component of an effective prevention strategy for child maltreatment. This aligns with previous research showing that housing developments created through the LIHTC program result in secondary effects, such as reductions in property and violent crime in low-income areas 50,51 as well as increased housing values in declining and stable neighborhoods. 52…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

The Association of Low-Income Housing Tax Credit Units and Reports of Child Abuse and Neglect

Shanahan

Austin

Durrance

et al. 2022

American Journal of Preventive Medicine

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Introduction: Poverty broadly and financial stress owing to housing insecurity specifically are associated with an increased risk of child maltreatment. Therefore, it is possible that a program designed to increase access to affordable housing such as the Low-Income Housing Tax Credit program could reduce child maltreatment. The purpose of this study is to examine the association of the availability of housing units through the Low-Income Housing Tax Credit Program with the rates of child maltreatment reports, including reports for physical abuse and neglect, at the state and county levels.Methods: Data were from the 2005-2015 National Child Abuse and Neglect Data System and the Low-Income Housing Tax Credit Program database. Generalized estimating equations were conducted in 2021 to calculate rate ratios and 95% CIs, adjusting for relevant confounders.Results: At the state level, ≥25 compared with <25 Low-Income Housing Tax Credit Program units per 100,000 population was associated with a lower rate of overall child maltreatment (i.e., neglect and physical abuse; rate ratio=0.96, 95% CI=0.93, 0.99), neglect (rate ratio=0.96, 95% CI=0.94, 0.99), and physical abuse (rate ratio=0.96, 95% CI=0.93, 1.00) reports. Similarly, at the county level, ≥1 compared with 0 Low-Income Housing Tax Credit Program units per 100,000 population was associated with a lower rate of overall child maltreatment (rate ratio=0.94, 95% CI=0.92, 0.97), neglect (rate ratio=0.96, 95% CI=0.93, 0.98), and physical abuse (rate ratio=0.94, 95% CI=0.91, 0.98) reports. Conclusions:Increasing access to affordable housing may be an effective strategy to reduce child maltreatment at both the state and county levels.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

The Association of Low-Income Housing Tax Credit Units and Reports of Child Abuse and Neglect

Shanahan

Austin

Durrance

et al. 2022

American Journal of Preventive Medicine

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“…Mixed-income communities that include affordable housing confer a variety of household and community benefits. Recent studies evaluating low-income housing tax credit (LIHTC) developments found improved public safety among high-crime neighborhoods (Woo & Joh, 2015) and greater housing stability as well as access to employment and educational opportunities among residents in California (Reid, 2018). Given the large shares of cost-burdened renter households and the massive shortage of affordable and available units, much work lies ahead to improve access to similar high-quality affordable housing options in the Southeast.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rental Housing Affordability in the Southeast: Data from the Sixth District

Carpenter

White

Hirt

2018

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The availability of stable and affordable housing in quality neighborhoods provides an opportunity for household economic mobility and a competitive advantage for local jurisdictions. The Southeast, as in other areas of the country, has experienced a persistent affordable housing shortage since the Great Recession. This is due in part to historically low homeownership rates, rents that have increased at a faster rate than income, and the loss of subsidized and unsubsidized rental units due to abandonment and conversion.

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“… 48 Targeted and sustained investment to break the link between long‐standing community disinvestment and subsequent poor health outcomes is needed, particularly in Black neighborhoods. 49 How evidence‐based non‐police neighborhood interventions associated with crime reduction, such as housing and blight remediation, provision of subsidized affordable housing units, greening vacant land, and structural housing repairs, 24 , 25 , 49 , 50 , 51 , 52 affect cardiovascular health warrants further attention. In addition, we must acknowledge the legacy of racist policies and practices that have led to concentrated disadvantage and crime in Black and other racially and ethnically minoritized neighborhoods.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association Between Community‐Level Violent Crime and Cardiovascular Mortality in Chicago: A Longitudinal Analysis

Eberly

Julien

South

et al. 2022

JAHA

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Background Violent crime has recently increased in many major metropolitan cities in the United States. Prior studies suggest an association between neighborhood crime levels and cardiovascular disease, but many have been limited by cross‐sectional designs. We investigated whether longitudinal changes in violent crime rates are associated with changes in cardiovascular mortality rates at the community level in one large US city‐Chicago, IL. Methods and Results Chicago is composed of 77 community areas. Age‐adjusted mortality rates by community area for cardiovascular disease, stroke, and coronary artery disease from 2000 to 2014, aggregated at 5‐year intervals, were obtained from the Illinois Department of Public Health Division of Vital Records. Mean total and violent crime rates by community area were obtained from the City of Chicago Police Data Portal. Using a 2‐way fixed effects estimator, we assessed the association between longitudinal changes in violent crime and cardiovascular mortality rates after accounting for changes in demographic and economic variables and secular time trends at the community area level from 2000 to 2014. Between 2000 and 2014, the median violent crime rate in Chicago decreased from 3620 per 100 000 (interquartile range [IQR], 2256, 7777) in the 2000 to 2004 period to 2390 (IQR 1507, 5745) in the 2010 to 2014 period ( P =0.005 for trend). In the fixed effects model a 1% decrease in community area violent crime rate was associated with a 0.21% (95% CI, 0.09–0.33) decrease in cardiovascular mortality rates ( P =<0.001) and a 0.19% (95% CI, 0.04–0.33) decrease in coronary artery disease mortality rates ( P =0.01). There was no statistically significant association between change in violent crime and stroke mortality rates (−0.17% [95% CI, −0.42 to 0.08; P =0.18]). Conclusions From 2000 to 2014, a greater decrease in violent crime at the community area level was associated with a greater decrease in cardiovascular and coronary artery disease mortality rates in Chicago. These findings add to the growing evidence of the impact of the built environment on health and implicate violent crime exposure as a potential social determinant of cardiovascular health. Targeted investment in communities to decrease violent crime may improve community cardiovascular health.

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Beyond anecdotal evidence: Do subsidized housing developments increase neighborhood crime?

Cited by 31 publications

References 51 publications

The Association of Low-Income Housing Tax Credit Units and Reports of Child Abuse and Neglect

The Association of Low-Income Housing Tax Credit Units and Reports of Child Abuse and Neglect

Rental Housing Affordability in the Southeast: Data from the Sixth District

Association Between Community‐Level Violent Crime and Cardiovascular Mortality in Chicago: A Longitudinal Analysis

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