Bilateral simultaneous retinal arteriolar obstruction in a child with hemoglobin SS sickle cell disease

Bilateral simultaneous central retinal artery occlusion following head injury

“…Rarely vasculitis, trauma and infection have been implicated as causes of central retinal artery occlusion [6,13]. To the best of our knowledge, bilateral simultaneous In the present case there was no evidence of systemic hypotension, migraine, autoimmune disease (polyarteritis nodosa, Wegener's granulomatosis), vasculitis like temporal arteritis, homocysteinuria, blood dyscrasias like sickle cell disease, HenochSchonlein purpura, lymphoma or any other hypercoagulable state which has been associated with bilateral central retinal artery occlusion in previously reported cases [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11]. There was no evidence of orbital emphysema on CT scan, which has been associated with CRAO in ocular trauma cases [17].…”

“…It is reported in the setting of temporal arteritis, homocysteinuria, polyarteritis nodosa, Wegener's granulomatosis, sickle cell disease, Henoch-Schonlein purpura, mitral valve prolapse, atherosclerosis and migraine [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11]. We for the first time report a case of bilateral simultaneous CRAO following head injury in an apparently healthy young patient.…”

CE: Understanding the Complications of Sickle Cell Disease

“…279 CRAO can also occur spontaneously. [280][281][282] Orbital infarction is another rare but serious complication of SCD, typically occurring during a VOC. This infarction of the orbital bones is often complicated by hematomas, thought to be a result of ischemic vessel wall necrosis.…”

Doppler velocimetry of the orbital arteries in patients with sickle cell anemia: relationship with biomarkers of hemolysis

“…The most significant ocular manifestations of sickle cell disease are in the retina, more frequently in patients with one of the double heterozygous forms of the disease (HbSC) than in those with HbSS (7) , and can be grouped into proliferative and nonproliferative forms. In the retina, various pathological processes may occur (hypoxia, ischemia, neovascularization, and fibrovascularization stemming from microvascular occlusion resulting from HbSS.…”