Bio-Drying of Biodegradable Waste for Use as Solid Fuel: A Sustainable Approach for Green Waste Management

Abstract

The potential for thermal recovery of waste is increasingly gaining impetus among researchers and industries across the globe especially in many developed countries. However, in processing waste for energy recovery, the type and nature of input waste materials particularly those with high moisture content have a significant impact in determining the quality, environmental profile of the waste as well as the thermal properties of the final product. Bio-drying, as a waste to energy conversion technology, tends to reduce moisture content of waste while maintaining the energy content of the processed waste. The current study investigates the effect of input materials (biogenic and non-biogenic materials) on the energy and biogenic contents of waste material by bio-drying process. The results indicated a positive correlation between biogenic and energy contents of the input materials with some variations observed. Further analysis showed that, high proportion of food waste in the waste mix indicated a slight difference in biogenic and energy contents. Conversely, the same proportion of paper in the waste mix showed similar biogenic content with slight variation in energy content.

An Outline of Alternative Aviation Fuels From Sustainable Resources

“…There are many sources of waste suitable for biofuel generation such as animal waste, different food waste, plant or tree waste, industrial waste, cultivation residue and other waste from the waste-collecting corporation [23,24]. The variety of waste has a different procedures to process for biofuels and possible pathways.…”

EU Legislative Support in the Waste Sector

“…These efforts include a sustainable food system, forest-based loops, technical loops, transportation and logistics, and collaborative efforts among various stakeholders. (13)…”

“…The challenge is to persuade residents that these changes are necessary without causing a drop-in service quality and explaining why collection costs are likely to rise further. (13) EU (2016).…”

Manejo sostenible de subproductos agroindustriales y estrategias tecnológicas de bioconversión

“…El biosecado de biomasa agroindustrial es un proceso que se lleva a cabo mediante la descomposición de subproductos que eliminan humedad del material biodegradable que se transforma en un combustible sólido alternativo al reducir el volumen, impactando directamente en los costos de transporte y disposición final, al ser empleado en procesos de incineración como biocombustible aprovechando su aporte energético. El secado biológico, como tecnología de conversión de residuos en energía, es el uso del calor liberado durante la descomposición de los residuos biodegradables para reducir el contenido de humedad y estabilizar parcialmente los residuos (Mohammed et al 2018), reducción de CH 4 , CO 2 , SO 2 , emisión de NOx (mitigación del calentamiento global), reducción de la masa de residuos, emisión de olor y polvo de los residuos a la atmósfera. Negro et al (2017) concluyeron que el escenario actual de incineración de subproductos tiene el costo más alto y las estrategias para la producción de biocombustibles de biomasa residual o combinada, son beneficiosos para el medio ambiente, tienen el costo más bajo y deben promoverse.…”