Bioaccumulation of hydroxylated polychlorinated biphenyls and pentachlorophenol in the serum of northern elephant seal pups (Mirounga angustirostris)

Louis, Caroline; Stas, Marie; Crocker, Daniel E.; Malarvannan, Govindan; Dirtu, Alin C.; Debier, Cathy

doi:10.1016/j.envres.2014.08.040

Cited by 6 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…In addition, ∑ CHLs were well correlated with ∑ PCBs and less so with ∑ DDTs or ∑ PBDEs. While there is evidence for selective maternal transfer of some POP compounds over others (Debier et al, 2003;Vanden Berghe et al, 2012) and the potential exists for differential metabolism of certain POP compounds over others, these physiological processes would likely be consistent among elephant seals (Louis et al, 2015). Thus, variability in geographic distribution of POPs or differences in foraging behavior associated with geography are more likely explanations for the patterns we observed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 68%

Deep-ocean foraging northern elephant seals bioaccumulate persistent organic pollutants

Peterson

Debier

et al. 2015

Science of The Total Environment

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As top predators in the northeast Pacific Ocean, northern elephant seals (Mirounga angustirostris) are vulnerable to bioaccumulation of persistent organic pollutants (POPs). Our study examined a suite of POPs in blubber (inner and outer) and blood (serum) of free-ranging northern elephant seals. For adult females (N=24), we satellite tracked and sampled the same seals before and after their approximately seven month long foraging trip. For males, we sampled different adults and sub-adults before (N=14) and after (N=15) the same foraging trip. For females, we calculated blubber burdens for all compounds. The highest POP concentrations in males and females were found for ∑DDTs and ∑PCBs. In blubber and serum, males had significantly greater concentrations than females for almost all compounds. For males and females, ∑DDT and ∑PBDEs were highly correlated in blubber and serum. While ∑PCBs were highly correlated with ∑DDTs and ∑PBDEs in blubber and serum for males, ∑PCBs showed weaker correlations with both compounds in females. As females gained mass while foraging, concentrations of nearly all POPs in inner and outer blubber significantly decreased; however, the absolute burden in blubber significantly increased, indicating ingestion of contaminants while foraging. Additionally, we identified three clusters of seal foraging behavior, based on geography, diving behavior, and stable carbon and nitrogen isotopes, which corresponded with differences in ∑DDTs, ∑PBDEs, MeO-BDE 47, as well as the ratio of ∑DDTs to ∑PCBs, indicating the potential for behavior to heighten or mitigate contaminant exposure. The greatest concentrations of ∑DDTs and ∑PBDEs were observed in the cluster that foraged closer to the coast and had blood samples more enriched in (13)C. Bioaccumulation of POPs by elephant seals supports mesopelagic food webs as a sink for POPs and highlights elephant seals as a potential sentinel of contamination in deep ocean food webs.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 68%

Deep-ocean foraging northern elephant seals bioaccumulate persistent organic pollutants

Peterson

Debier

et al. 2015

Science of The Total Environment

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“…PCP was also detected in human breast milk with an average of 2.15 ng/g. The concentrations of PCP in the serum of weaned Northern elephant seals increased from 103 ± 7 pg/mL at early fast to 246 ± 41 pg/mL at late fast (Louis et al, 2015). Therefore, potential for exposing humans and wild animals to the PCP through these resources is very high and could have profound deleterious effects on humans, livestock, and wildlife health through a disturbance of detoxification system (Besser et al, 2016), The persistent use of PCP worldwide fosters its potential to contaminate the environment, thus posing likely health risks to humans and wildlife.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Effects of pentachlorophenol on the quail ( Coturnix japonica ) liver detoxification pathway

et al. 2017

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Pentachlorophenol (PCP), an extensively used pesticide and biocide, is of critical environmental concern due to its toxicity and recalcitrance to degradation. In this study, the effect of PCP on induction of transcription factors, cytochrome P450 (CYP450) genes, and the antioxidative enzyme system were investigated in the quail liver. A total of 60 (4- to 6-week-old) male quails (Coturnix japonica) were administered 0, 0.05, 0.5, and 5 mg/kg/d PCP orally for 42 d. Following exposure, both absolute and relative liver weights were significantly lower than those of the control. Using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, PCP accumulation was, from highest to lowest, kidney > liver > muscle for all exposure groups. The expressions of CYP1A5, CYP1B1, CYP2C18, nuclear translocator 1 (ARNT1), and aryl hydrocarbon receptor 1 (AHR1) were induced after PCP treatment, and increases were found in the activities of hepatic superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT), and the content of hepatic malondialdehyde (MDA). In addition, exposure to PCP induced an increase in liver 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) and significantly elevated ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase (EROD), methoxyresorufin O-demethylase (MROD), and 7-ethoxycoumarin-O-deethylase (ECOD) activity, but decreased that of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), benzyloxyresorufin O-debenzylase (BROD), pentoxyresorufin O-depentylase (PROD), and erythromycin N-demethylase (END). No significant responses were observed for benzyloxy-trifluoromethyl-coumarin (BFC). The protein level of liver nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) was higher, whereas that of nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) was lower for exposed quail. These results suggest that PCP affects quail oxidative stress by modulating CYP450 enzymes and nuclear transcription factors.

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“…The semi-planar mono-ortho-PCBs are potential substrates for the oxidative enzyme CYP1A1, and hence the dominance of mono-ortho-OH-PCBs in gray seals may stem from a high activity of this enzyme. 4-OH-CB107 has previously been reported as the dominant HPC in Baltic Sea gray seals (Lindqvist and Asplund 2019) as well as in northern elephant seals (Louis et al 2015), and its dominance among OH-PCBs in ringed seals (Phoca hispida) as a result of its metabolic formation via CYP1A1 has previously been discussed (Routti et al 2008).…”

Section: Screening Of Baltic Sea Wildlifementioning

confidence: 96%

“…Blood plasma and serum are suitable matrices for determining the exposure to HPCs. Blood can be accessed from many species without having to sacrifice the specimen and HPCs accumulated in blood due to their high affinity for plasma proteins (Louis et al 2015), such as serum albumin (Yang et al 2017). However, plasma and serum analyses of HPCs have been proven to be less than trivial and large discrepancies have been observed related to the quality of (amount of hemolysis in) the samples (Dahlberg et al 2014).…”

Section: Electronic Supplementary Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Screening of halogenated phenolic compounds in plasma and serum from marine wildlife

Lindqvist

2019

Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol.

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The growing knowledge of the impact of halogenated phenolic compounds on hormonal and metabolic systems has led to an increased interest in the exposure and potential effects of these compounds in wildlife. In the present study, a screening procedure was developed to detect and quantify halogenated phenolic compounds in serum and plasma from marine wildlife. A mass spectral library containing selective ion monitoring data was created using gas chromatography electron capture negative ionization mass spectrometry. The selective ion monitoring data in the library were accompanied with retention indices to increase the specificity of each entry in the library. The library together with the developed extraction procedure and optimized instrumental settings can be used for the detection of 52 different halogenated phenolic compounds of environmental concern, including 23 hydroxylated polychlorinated biphenyls and 24 hydroxylated polybrominated diphenyl ethers. The instrument limit of detection for the compounds included in the library ranged from 30 to 320 fg/injection, with a median detection limit of 90 fg/injection. The average recovery of 11 different halogenated phenolic compounds, from four species of marine wildlife, was 66 ± 14%. A full-scan mass spectral library was also created containing an additional seven compounds. Gray seals, long-tailed ducks, and two species of fish from the Baltic Sea were screened for halogenated phenolic compounds using the developed procedure. A total of 33 compounds included in the library were detected and quantified.

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Bioaccumulation of hydroxylated polychlorinated biphenyls and pentachlorophenol in the serum of northern elephant seal pups (Mirounga angustirostris)

Cited by 6 publications

References 54 publications

Deep-ocean foraging northern elephant seals bioaccumulate persistent organic pollutants

Deep-ocean foraging northern elephant seals bioaccumulate persistent organic pollutants

Effects of pentachlorophenol on the quail ( Coturnix japonica ) liver detoxification pathway

Screening of halogenated phenolic compounds in plasma and serum from marine wildlife

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