Bioactivities and HPLC analysis of secondary metabolites of a morphologically identified endophytic Aspergillus fungus isolated from Mangifera indica

Abstract

Natural products from Nigerian plants are significant in the search for drug compounds, as they contribute new compounds with biological properties to the fight against resistant pathogens, hence the study. Fresh leaves of M. indica were prepared for fungal isolation, identification, fermentation, and secondary metabolites extraction. The extract, subjected to HPLC analysis revealed presence of two bioactive compounds: p-Hydroxylbenzoic acid, and Protocatechuic acid. The extract exhibited antibacterial activity against P. aeruginosa and E. coli producing IZD of 4 mm respectively at 1 mg/ml. It produced an interesting antioxidant activity in the DPPH assay with 86.7% activity at 0.5 mg/ml. At 0.01 mg/ml, the extract showed 85.3% cytotoxic activity against L5178Y mouse lymphoma cells and showed 96.5% ± 0.173 HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibition activity at 0.25 mg/ml. This study confirms Aspergillus sp. from M. indica produces bioactive compounds that could serve as novel drug molecules in the fight against drug resistance.

Fungal Secondary Metabolites/Dicationic Pyridinium Iodide Combinations in Combat against Multi-Drug Resistant Microorganisms

“…Meanwhile, Padhi et al [ 21 ] revealed that A. niger metabolites showed antifungal activity against Candida albicans with IC 50 31 mg/mL, and antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa , Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus with IC 50 of 160 mg/mL, 47 mg/mL and 135 mg/mL, respectively. Chigozie et al [ 22 ] reported that the fungal extract of Aspergillus sp. isolated from fresh leaves of Mangifera indica .…”

First record of Aspergillus nomiae as a broad-spectrum entomopathogenic fungus that provides resistance against phytopathogens and insect pests by colonization of plants

“…Nevertheless, EPF exhibited direct antagonism against pathogens via antibiosis, competition, or parasitism through the production of fungal secondary metabolites ( Ownley et al, 2008 ; Vega et al, 2009 ). Previous research has found that Aspergillus species could produce various beneficial compounds such as cyclosporine A, asperfuranone, terrrein, itaconic acid, kojic acid, citric acid, and gluconic acid ( Sun et al, 2018 ; Wu et al, 2019 ; Chigozie et al, 2022 ), which showed antifungal, antibacterial, and phytotoxic activities, and played a crucial role to antagonize the devastating phytopathogens ( Ding et al, 2019 ). It was found that A. versicolor had the ability to inhibit the destructive phytopathogen Macrophomina phaseolina .…”

Antioxidant and cytotoxicity evaluation of the Endophytic Fungus, Fusarium equiseti, isolated from the leaves of Ocimum gratissimum

“…Endophytes are classified base don he type of microbe and includes fungi, bacteria and actinomyces (9). Recent research according to several reports has shown that Nigerian medicinal plants are undeniably sources of novel endophytic fungus with huge potential to produce novel bioactive lead compounds yet untapped (10)(11)(12)(13).…”