Bioassay for monitoring biochemical methane potential and anaerobic toxicity

Owen, William Fitzwilliam; Stuckey, David C.; Healy, J.B.; Young, L. Y.; McCarty, Perry L.

doi:10.1016/0043-1354(79)90043-5

Cited by 1,368 publications

(686 citation statements)

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“…Therefore in this study the variation of all parameters was studied during the start-up phase and when the quasi-steady state conditions were achieved and also it was ascertained that decolourization was occurring due to biologically mediated degradation, then only kinetic studies were conducted. Beydilli et al [9] and Carliell et al [6] assessed the toxicity of dyes on the anaerobic biomass, using a maximum rate ratio (MRR) method as suggested by Owen et al [10]. However, in the present study a comparison between MRR and total methanogenic activity (TMA) test [11] has been done to determine the toxicity of dye on to the biomass.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To assess the inhibition/toxicity of dyes on anaerobic biological activity, the method of Owen et al [10] has been widely used which uses the concept of maximum rate ratio. However, another method based on maximum methanogenic activity (MMA) has been suggested by Soto et al [11], which indicates the activity for a specific category of biomass (e.g.…”

Section: Total Methanogenic Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Adsorption and biological decolourization of azo dye Reactive Red 2 in semicontinuous anaerobic reactors

Maas

Chaudhari

2005

Process Biochemistry

174

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The microbial decolourization of Reactive Red 2 (RR2) dye has been studied under anaerobic conditions. Three semicontinuous bioreactors were operated with dye concentrations-R1 (control: 0 mg RR2 l −1 ), R2 (100 mg RR2 l −1 ) and R3 (200 mg RR2 l −1 ). The parameters monitored were, oxidation-reduction potential (ORP), methane production, colour and chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal during the feeding cycles. The oxidation-reduction potential values for the first few days were above −150 mV, which later on decreased to less than −275 mV in all the reactors. Colour removal during the first few days of operation was due to adsorption of dye on to anaerobic biomass. However, under steady state conditions, colour removal was above 76% for both the dye containing reactors and it was due to biologically mediated degradation. Methane production and chemical oxygen demand removal in the control and dye containing reactors were almost the same. Integrated analysis of the monitored parameters indicated that, the primary mechanism of colour removal was adsorption of RR2 on to anaerobic biomass and subsequent degradation. Decolourization rates were found to be first order with respect to dye concentration, although an increase in the influent dye concentration resulted in a decrease in the rate from 0.0074 (g volatile suspended solid, VSS) −1 h −1 (100 mg RR2 l −1 ) to 0.0039 (g VSS) −1 h −1 (200 mg RR2 l −1 ). Based on total methane production no inhibition effect of dyes was observed but total methanogenic activity (TMA) results exhibited inhibition of methanogenesis.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Total Methanogenic Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Adsorption and biological decolourization of azo dye Reactive Red 2 in semicontinuous anaerobic reactors

Maas

Chaudhari

2005

Process Biochemistry

174

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“…Neste contexto é importante encontrar um inóculo apropriado que contenha os microrganismos necessários para o processo de degradação. Owen et al (1979) sugeriram o emprego de lodo de sistemas de tratamento de esgoto como inóculo. No entanto, muitas vezes uitas vezes o efluente é constituído de compostos que requerem enzimas adicionais, metabolismos ou condições ambientais não encontrados na fase de crescimento em que se encontram os microrganismos que compõe a biomassa, ou até mesmo contém compostos que em certas concentrações podem ser tóxicos à biomassa, estimulando o seu decaimento e lise.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

“…No entanto, muitas vezes uitas vezes o efluente é constituído de compostos que requerem enzimas adicionais, metabolismos ou condições ambientais não encontrados na fase de crescimento em que se encontram os microrganismos que compõe a biomassa, ou até mesmo contém compostos que em certas concentrações podem ser tóxicos à biomassa, estimulando o seu decaimento e lise. A amônia, quando em altas concentrações, é um dos compostos tóxicos mais comuns responsáveis pelos problemas operacionais durante o tratamento anaeróbio (Calli et al, 2005), e uma forma de contornar tais problemas é empregar a aclimatação da biomassa (Speece, 1996) (Lopes et al, 2004, Neves et al, 2004, Owen et al, 1979, e Raposo et al, 2006. Para desenvolvimento do inóculo também é necessário a disponibilidade de macro (N, P, Ca, Fe) e micronutrientes (minerais e vitaminas).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

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Avaliação da biodegradabilidade anaeróbia de lixiviados de aterro sanitários

Amaral

Ferreira

Lange

et al. 2008

Eng. Sanit. Ambient.

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RESUMOOs objetivos deste artigo foram investigar as condições ambientais e operacionais favoráveis ao desenvolvimento do teste de biodegradabilidade anaeróbia para lixiviados de aterro sanitário. As condições avaliadas foram a relação alimento/microrganismo (A/M), aclimatação do lodo, e toxicidade devido à alta concentração de amônia. Os resultados indicaram que a relação A/M equivalente a 0,45 apresentou-se como a mais favorável à realização do teste, e que o lodo empregado apresentou boa capacidade de adaptação ao lixiviado, não demandando aclimatação prévia. O lixiviado em questão apresentou relativamente baixa biodegradabilidade anaeróbia, associado aos resultados de estudos de biodegradabilidade aeróbia anteriores que sugerem que uma significativa fração de matéria orgânica é refratária mesmo ao metabolismo aeróbio,indica que o tratamento físico-químico deve ser utilizado como forma de pré ou pós-tratamento. PALAVRAS-CHAVE:Lixiviado, biodegradabilidade anaeró-bia, produção acumulada de metano. ABSTRACT KEYWORDS: Landfill leachate, biodegradability, biochemical methane potential (BMP). INTRODUÇÃOA geração de lixiviados constitui a principal preocupação quanto à degradação ambiental de áreas localizadas próximas ao local de disposição final dos resíduos sólidos urbanos (RSU), uma vez que o tratamento desses efluentes tem se mostrado um grande desafio. As tecnologias de tratamento anaeró-bio estão sendo cada vez mais usadas, devido as inerentes vantagens apresentadas em relação ao tratamento bioló-gico aeróbio, tais quais: menor geração de biomassa, conservação de energia e produção de metano, e menores requerimentos de área e nutrientes (Speece, 1996). No entanto, os processos anaeróbios apresentam maior sensibilidade às mudanças das condições ambientais e operacionais dos reatores, sendo por isso considerados mais instáveis que os processos aeróbios.Uma forma de controlar os problemas inerentes aos processos anaeróbios é o emprego de caracterização mais detalhada do efluente antes, durante e após tratamento permitindo o entendimento de todo o processo. A caracterização baseada em parâmetros coletivos, como biodegradabilidade, apresenta grande importância por fornecer mais informações práticas sobre a eficiência do sistema de tratamento, uma vez que pode ser ARTIGO TÉCNICO

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Toxicity and biodegradation of formaldehyde in anaerobic methanogenic culture

Bhattacharya

1997

Biotechnol. Bioeng.

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Formaldehyde is present in several industrial wastewaters including petrochemical wastes. In this study, the toxicity and degradability of formaldehyde in anaerobic systems were investigated. Formaldehyde showed severe toxicity to an acetate enrichment methanogenic culture. As low as 10 mg/L (0.33 mM) of formaldehyde in the reactor completely inhibited acetate utilization. Formaldehyde, however, was degraded while acetate utilization was inhibited. Degradation of formaldehyde (Initial concentration ≤30 mg/L) followed Monod model with a rate constant, k, of 0.35–0.46 d−1. At higher initial concentrations (≥60 mg/L), formaldehyde degradation was inhibited and partial degradation was possible. The initial formaldehyde to biomass ratio, S0/X0, was useful to predict the degradation potential of high formaldehyde concentrations in batch systems. When S0/X0 ≤ 0.1, formaldehyde was completely degraded with initial concentration of up to 95 mg/L; when S0/X0 ≥ 0.29, formaldehyde at higher than 60 mg/L was only partially degraded. The inhibition of formaldehyde degradation in batch systems could be avoided by repeated additions of low concentrations of formaldehyde (up to 30 mg/L). Chemostats (14‐day retention time) showed degradation of 74 mg/L‐d (1110 mg/L) of influent formaldehyde with a removal capacity of 164 mg/g VSS‐day. A spike of 30 mg/L (final concentration in the chemostat) formaldehyde to the chemostat caused only a small increase in effluent acetate concentration for 3 days. But a spike of 60 mg/L (final concentration in the chemostat) formaldehyde to the chemostat resulted in a dramatic increase in acetate concentration in the effluent. The results also showed that the acetate enrichment culture was not acclimated to formaldehyde even after 226 days. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Biotechnol Bioeng 55: 727–736, 1997.

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Bioassay for monitoring biochemical methane potential and anaerobic toxicity

Cited by 1,368 publications

References 3 publications

Adsorption and biological decolourization of azo dye Reactive Red 2 in semicontinuous anaerobic reactors

Adsorption and biological decolourization of azo dye Reactive Red 2 in semicontinuous anaerobic reactors

Avaliação da biodegradabilidade anaeróbia de lixiviados de aterro sanitários

Toxicity and biodegradation of formaldehyde in anaerobic methanogenic culture

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