Biocementation Control of Sand against Wind Erosion

Fattahi, Seyed Mohammad; Soroush, Abbas; Huang, Ning

doi:10.1061/(asce)gt.1943-5606.0002268

Cited by 59 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…During a wind erosion event, soil particles show three different modes of transport: suspension, saltation, and creep 35 . The wind erosion resistance of salt crust can be considered from three aspects: compressive strength, toughness and the number of salt crust layers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics of soil salt crust formed by mixing calcium chloride with sodium sulfate and the possibility of inhibiting wind-sand flow

2021

Sci Rep

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Soil salt crust can change the structure of aeolian soil and improve its resistance to wind erosion. Four ions (Na+, Ca2+, Cl−, and SO42−) with high contents in aeolian soil were selected for a salt crust experiment. The experiment set a variety of gradients of soil salt contents and salt mixing ratios of Na2SO4 and CaCl2. The physical properties of the salt crust were tested, and the wind erosion resistance of the salt crust was discussed. The results showed that the soil salt contents and salt mixing ratio influenced the resistance of the salt crust, especially in terms of its compressive strength and toughness. The former affected the compressive strength of the salt crust by changing the amount of cemented soil salt. The latter affected the kinds of crystals by changing the ion ratio, thus changing the structure of the salt crust and affecting its wind erosion resistance. The wind erosion resistance of the salt crust is complicated by the interaction between the soil salt content and salt mixing ratio. A multilayer crust can be formed in mixed salt, which has a strong wind erosion resistance. This result provides new findings on flowing sand soil and a new method for the treatment of flowing sand soil.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics of soil salt crust formed by mixing calcium chloride with sodium sulfate and the possibility of inhibiting wind-sand flow

2021

Sci Rep

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“…Wind erosion is a common problem occurring in arid regions. Fattahi et al (2020) developed an element‐scale cube sand box with a dimension of 10 × 10 × 10 cm. A uniform crust was formed and able to provide considerable protection for aeolian sand against erosion by airflow at different velocities.…”

Section: Promising Applications Of Micpmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bio‐mediated soil improvement: An introspection into processes, materials, characterization and applications

Jiang

Wang

Chu

et al. 2021

Soil Use and Management

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For a long time in the practice of geotechnical engineering, soil has been viewed as an inert material, comprising only inorganic phases. However, microorganisms including bacteria, archaea and eukaryotes are ubiquitous in soil and have the capacity and capability to alter bio‐geochemical processes in the local soil environment. The cumulative changes could consequently modify the physical, mechanical, conductive and chemical properties of the bulk soil matrix. In recent years, the topic of bio‐mediated geotechnics has gained momentum in the scientific literature. It involves the manipulation of various bio‐geochemical soil processes to improve soil engineering performance. In particular, the process of microbial‐induced calcium carbonate precipitation (MICP) has received the most attention for its superior performance for soil improvement. The present work aims to shape a comprehensive understanding of recent developments in bio‐mediated geotechnics, with a focus on MICP. Referring to around one hundred studies published over the past five years, this review focuses on popular and alternative MICP processes, innovative raw materials and additives for MICP, emerging tools and testing methodologies for characterizing MICP at multi‐scale, and applications in emerging and/or unconventional geotechnical fields.

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“…In nature, fluvial actions in bases of mountains (topographic basins) provide particles for saltating and abrasion of the crusted sediments (Shao, 2008). Also, saltation of the particles, detached by wind flow from the surface, and raindrops cleave the crust, dislodge soil particles, and supply more saltating particles (Erpul et al, 2009; Fattahi et al, 2020a; Tuo et al, 2015). Therefore, considering saltation in wind erosion control practices is of crucial importance.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is now widely accepted that the crusts show a high resilience and durability to wind flow shear stresses even at wind velocities of 25 m/s. In contrast, abrasion induced by the impacts of saltating particles is accepted as the principal mechanism by which the crusts erode and rupture (Fattahi et al, 2020a,b,c,d, 2021; Gillette et al, 1982; Houser & Nickling, 2001; Hu et al, 2002; Klose et al, 2019; McKenna‐Neuman & Maxwell, 2002; McKenna‐Neuman et al, 1996; Pan et al, 2008; Sharratt & Vaddella, 2014; Zhang et al, 2006). In this regard, an enduring challenge is how to determine the resilience and durability of a crust against the aeolian abrasion, especially when the high costs of reclamation of desertified lands and the high risk of dust emissions from deposits containing hazardous materials (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A framework for predicting abrasion rupture of crusts in wind erosion

Fattahi

Soroush

Huang

et al. 2021

Earth Surf Processes Landf

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Crusts play a crucial role in the reduction or control of wind erosion. In this regard, the resilience and durability of crusts are of prime importance. Crusts have high resilience and durability against wind flow shear stresses; however, they are prone to abrasion induced by saltating particles. Therefore, estimating crust durability in abrasion rupture has practical importance. In this study, a cyanocrust and a biocemented sand crust were subjected to a controlled flux of saltating particles for different sandblasting periods to provide a framework for predicting crust rupture. The velocity and pre-and post-collision energy of the saltating particles were measured using high-speed photography. The changes in the strength of the crusts after different periods of sandblasting were determined using a scratch test. The results suggested that the average strength of the cyanocrust and biocemented sand crust became 0.25 and 0.7 of their corresponding initial values after 30 min of sandblasting. Also, the average stiffness of the cyanocrust and biocemented sand crust decreased to 0.5 and 0.9 of their initial values, respectively. Furthermore, the amount of impact energy absorbed by the crusts increased by the deterioration of the crusts. Compiling the results of the wind tunnel experiment and scratch tests yielded an exponential equation which can be used to estimate crust durability in a given condition of saltation. Based on this equation, the cyanocrust and biocemented sand crust will break down entirely after 23 and 449 min, respectively, at a wind velocity of 6.8 m/s and a saltation flux of 1 g/s/m.

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Biocementation Control of Sand against Wind Erosion

Cited by 59 publications

References 33 publications

Characteristics of soil salt crust formed by mixing calcium chloride with sodium sulfate and the possibility of inhibiting wind-sand flow

Characteristics of soil salt crust formed by mixing calcium chloride with sodium sulfate and the possibility of inhibiting wind-sand flow

Bio‐mediated soil improvement: An introspection into processes, materials, characterization and applications

A framework for predicting abrasion rupture of crusts in wind erosion

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