Biochar increases arbuscular mycorrhizal plant growth enhancement and ameliorates salinity stress

Hammer, Edith C.; Forstreuter, Manfred; Rillig, Matthias C.; Kohler, Josef

doi:10.1016/j.apsoil.2015.07.014

Cited by 206 publications

(89 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…The application of BC can change nutrient release, holding, or immobilization by its surface properties (cation exchange capacity and anion exchange capacity) (Blackwell, Krull, Butler, Herbert, & Solaiman, 2010). Biochar could positively affect plant nutrition in various ways, such as by absorption of nutrients, particularly in the inner facade parts of BC particles, that could block their fixation onto soil colloids, by which nutrients are directly immobilized (Agegnehu, Srivastava, & Bird, 2017; Bera, Collins, Alva, Purakayastha, & Patra, 2016; Hammer, Forstreuter, Rillig, & Kohler, 2015). Biochar may reduce salinity stress through the sorption of anions and cations (Agbna et al., 2017; Dahlawi, Naeem, Rengel, & Naidu, 2018; She et al., 2018; Thomas et al., 2013; Zainul, Koyro, Huchzermeyer, Bilquees, & Khan, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biochar improved sorghum germination and seedling growth under salinity stress

et al. 2020

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Salinity is a growing problem worldwide, and techniques are needed to mitigate this problem. This study was conducted to determine if biochar (BC) can alleviate the adverse impacts of salinity stress on sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.) seedling growth. Sorghum variety Kambal was sown in salinized soils at levels of 1.2, 3.1, and 7.3 dS m −1 . The saline soils were treated with four BC rates of 0, 2, 4, and 8% (w/w). The test was a factorial design arranged as a completely randomized design with three replications. Seedling emergence percentage; root and shoot length; root and shoot dry weight; relative water content (RWC); and the activity of catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were affected by the interaction between salinity and BC. At the 7.3 dS m −1 salinity level, 2% BC increased seedling emergence percentage by 25.0% (P = .012). At the 7.3 dS m −1 salinity level, 4% BC level increased root and shoot length (P = .009) and RWC by 46.0, 28.0, and 19.8% respectively. At the 7.3 dS m −1 salinity level, 8% biochar decreased CAT by 50.6%. At the high salinity level, 4% BC decreased POD and SOD by 24.9 and 23.4%, respectively. Biochar amendment proved to be more useful to alleviate the effects of salinity on the seedling growth stage. These findings suggest that using BC in suitable amounts could mitigate the adverse effects of salinity, but excess BC application may have negative influences on seedling growth.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biochar improved sorghum germination and seedling growth under salinity stress

et al. 2020

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“…However, other reports (Akhtar, Andersen, & Liu, ; Akhtar, Andersen, Naveed, et al, ; Hammer et al, ; Thomas et al, ) ascribed that reduction in EC of biochar‐amended soils were attributed to (a) the sorption of salts on the biochar surfaces, (b) entrapment of salts in biochar pores, and (c) biochar restriction of the upward movement of salts and decrease in the salt accumulation. Our results cannot be described by the mechanism proposed by Akhtar, Andersen, and Liu (), Akhtar, Andersen, Naveed, et al (), Hammer et al (), and Thomas et al (). Furthermore, our findings were not congruent with those of Karer, Wimmer, Zehetner, Kloss, and Soja (), who added the biochars to soil without a leaching process.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Rehabilitation of calcareous saline‐sodic soil by means of biochars and acidified biochars

et al. 2018

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Saline‐sodic soils comprise a large area worldwide, and these areas are increasing annually; therefore, reclamation of these soils is necessary. The present study investigated the effects of adding various biochars and acidified biochars on selected characteristics of saline‐sodic soil and rehabilitation of this soil. The biochars were produced from rice straw (RSB) and dicer wood chips (DWCB) at 300°C. The acidified biochars were prepared by adding HCl to the biochars. The biochars and acidified biochars were incorporated to the soil at 0 and 50 g kg−1. Soil columns were prepared and saturated from the bottom, and then the flow was reversed by keeping a 5‐cm constant head of leaching water on top of the columns. The leachates were taken at every one‐third interval of the pore volume fraction. Then, the concentrations of cations and anions, pH, and electrical conductivity (EC) of the collected leachates were determined. At the end of the leaching process, the soil in the column was analyzed for the same parameters as the leachates. The results indicated that the application of the biochars and acidified biochars reduced the soil EC and sodium adsorption ratio. The biochars, especially the RSB, which contains a high amount of Ca2+ and Mg2+, were able to remediate the saline‐sodic soil. The Ca2+ and Mg2+ in the biochar can exchange the Na+ on the surface of the soil colloids and, therefore, enhance the Na+ leaching from the saline‐sodic soil. Acidified biochar induced CaCO3 dissolution, which will add Ca2+ and H+ ions to soil solution. The Ca2+ and H+ ions in the soil solution replace the Na+ from the soil colloid surfaces and facilitate the leaching of Na+ from the saline‐sodic soil. From the results, it can be concluded that RSB, acidified RSB, and acidified DWCB were feasible to ameliorate calcareous saline‐sodic soil.

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“…The biochar-induced increase in mycorrhizal colonization was associated with the increased growth of extraradical AM fungal hyphae in pasture soil under water-stressed conditions [42]. The potential benefits of biochar are possibly due to both the improvement of nutrients and plants depending on symbiotic microorganisms [36].…”

Section: Colonization Of Am Fungi Ratementioning

confidence: 96%

“…were more pronounced in increasing the growth of celery plants under low P fertilization rather than high P fertilization. It was also reported that the enhancement of plant growth responses was due to biochar and an addictive effect of the combination with AM fungi in lettuce under nutrient-poor conditions [36]. The application of biochar could affect soil physical and chemical properties and change the microbial community.…”

Section: Nutrient Uptake and Plant Growth Responsesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phosphate Uptake is Correlated with the Root Length of Celery Plants Following the Association between Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi, Pseudomonas sp. and Biochar with Different Phosphate Fertilization Levels

et al. 2019

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The interaction between arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AM fungi) and Pseudomonas sp. has received considerable attention. The presence of biochar may affect these microorganisms, with subsequent modification of the phosphorus uptake and root morphology, and plant biomass accumulation. This research sought to identify, in the presence or absence of biochar, the effects of the interactions of mycorrhizal fungi and Pseudomonas sp. on the responses of phosphorus (P) and nitrogen (N) uptake and the root length, surface area, and volume of celery plants with low and high P fertilization under different substrate and soil conditions. The results indicate that strong growth responses of celery plants were observed due to the combination of AM fungi, Pseudomonas sp., and biochar with low P fertilization. A strong linear relationship was found between the plant root length and P accumulation in the shoot fraction in the present study. Increased P and N uptake occurred in treatments combining these microorganisms rather than alone, and this increase especially occurred in the presence of biochar. The low availability of P was substantially recovered by the association of these three aspects. The root morphology was greatly influenced by the biochar additives and in combination with AM fungi and Pseudomonas sp. The root colonization rate of AM fungi was increased by the combination of the inoculation of Pseudomonas sp. and biochar rather than AM fungi and/or Pseudomonas sp. These results indicate an accumulating effect of AM fungi, Pseudomonas sp., and biochar exists on the plant growth response and nutrient uptake because of the increasing root length, surface area, and volume, rather than root biomass.

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Biochar increases arbuscular mycorrhizal plant growth enhancement and ameliorates salinity stress

Cited by 206 publications

References 51 publications

Biochar improved sorghum germination and seedling growth under salinity stress

Biochar improved sorghum germination and seedling growth under salinity stress

Rehabilitation of calcareous saline‐sodic soil by means of biochars and acidified biochars

Phosphate Uptake is Correlated with the Root Length of Celery Plants Following the Association between Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi, Pseudomonas sp. and Biochar with Different Phosphate Fertilization Levels

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