Biochemical adaptations to dive-derived hypoxia/reoxygenation in semiaquatic rodents

Sergina, Svetlana; Antonova, Ekaterina; Ilyukha, V. A.; Lapinski, S.; Lis, Marcin; Niedbała, Piotr; Unzhakov, A. R.; Belkin, Vladimir

doi:10.1016/j.cbpb.2015.08.012

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…Diving mammals have, in general, higher antioxidant capacities compared to non-diving mammals [ 26 ], and in rodents this has been shown in muskrats (Ondatra zibethicus), a semi-aquatic rodent, which exhibits a higher superoxide dismutase activity in almost all tissues compared to beaver (Castor fiber) and nutria (Myocastor coypus) [ 27 ]. Bulmer et al demonstrated that trained free divers have increased erythrocyte superoxide dismutase activity during apnea, but only a small difference in their antioxidant and oxidative stress responses compared with controls [ 28 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxygen conserving mitochondrial adaptations in the skeletal muscles of breath hold divers

et al. 2018

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BackgroundThe performance of elite breath hold divers (BHD) includes static breath hold for more than 11 minutes, swimming as far as 300 m, or going below 250 m in depth, all on a single breath of air. Diving mammals are adapted to sustain oxidative metabolism in hypoxic conditions through several metabolic adaptations, including improved capacity for oxygen transport and mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation in skeletal muscle. It was hypothesized that similar adaptations characterized human BHD. Hence, the purpose of this study was to examine the capacity for oxidative metabolism in skeletal muscle of BHD compared to matched controls.MethodsBiopsies were obtained from the lateral vastus of the femoral muscle from 8 Danish BHD and 8 non-diving controls (Judo athletes) matched for morphometry and whole body VO2max. High resolution respirometry was used to determine mitochondrial respiratory capacity and leak respiration with simultaneous measurement of mitochondrial H2O2 emission. Maximal citrate synthase (CS) and 3-hydroxyacyl CoA dehydrogenase (HAD) activity were measured in muscle tissue homogenates. Western Blotting was used to determine protein contents of respiratory complex I-V subunits and myoglobin in muscle tissue lysates.ResultsMuscle biopsies of BHD revealed lower mitochondrial leak respiration and electron transfer system (ETS) capacity and higher H2O2 emission during leak respiration than controls, with no differences in enzyme activities (CS and HAD) or protein content of mitochondrial complex subunits myoglobin, myosin heavy chain isoforms, markers of glucose metabolism and antioxidant enzymes.ConclusionWe demonstrated for the first time in humans, that the skeletal muscles of BHD are characterized by lower mitochondrial oxygen consumption both during low leak and high (ETS) respiration than matched controls. This supports previous observations of diving mammals demonstrating a lower aerobic mitochondrial capacity of the skeletal muscles as an oxygen conserving adaptation during prolonged dives.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxygen conserving mitochondrial adaptations in the skeletal muscles of breath hold divers

et al. 2018

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“…Aquatic mammals have special adaptations of the respiratory and cardiovascular systems that are associated with diving (Mottishaw et al 1999;Bostrom et al 2008;Mortola 2015), and that confer increased hypoxia tolerance (Sergina et al 2015;Hoff et al 2017) and oxygen storage (Nery et al 2013). Interest in conservation of marine mammals, in regard to anthropogenic stress, has also generated studies of their stress physiology (Wright et al 2007;Atkinson et al 2015), and the effect of climate change on these mammals (Thiemann et al 2008).…”

Section: Life Stylesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecophysiology of mammals

Tomasi

Anderson

Garland

2019

Journal of Mammalogy

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Ecophysiology is a relatively recent interdisciplinary field, and although active prior to the 75th anniversary of the American Society of Mammalogists (ASM), it has grown in breadth since then. This growth is in part a result of advances in technology that have reduced the size and improved the portability of key instrumentation, and also made sequencing of proteins and nucleic acids faster and less expensive. Here, we demonstrate the breadth of recent research on the ecophysiology of mammals, quantify the research activity of the past 25 years, and consider future research needs. Some of the most active areas of research have related to maintenance of homeostasis, associations of physiological traits with the evolution of varied life styles and life histories, and reproductive physiology. Key findings involve allometry and scaling, energetics and thermoregulation, phenotypic plasticity and epigenetics, and the importance of microbial symbionts. With respect to predictions of trends in mammalian ecophysiology, the strongest themes relate to conservation biology, in large part related to rapid climate change, habitat destruction, and other anthropogenic factors. How our mammalian fauna adapts (or not) to these changes will be of great interest, and has the potential to affect the science of mammalogy in the future. La ecofisiología es un campo interdisciplinario relativamente reciente, y a pesar de que era un área vigorosa antes del septuagésimo quinto aniversario de la Sociedad Americana de Mastozoología (ASM), desde entonces ha crecido en envergadura. Este crecimiento es en parte el resultado de los avances tecnológicos en donde el tamaño de los instrumentos se ha reducido facilitando de ese modo la portabilidad de instrumentos claves, y al mismo tiempo, permitiendo que la secuenciación de proteínas y ácidos nucleicos sea más rápida y menos costosa. En este trabajo, se demuestra el alcance de la investigación reciente sobre la ecofisiología de los mamíferos, se cuantifica la actividad científica de las investigaciones de las últimas dos décadas y se hacen predicciones para los próximos 25 años. Algunas de las áreas más activas de investigación se han asociado con el mantenimiento de la homeostasis, la relación entre los rasgos fisiológicos con la evolución de diferentes estilos e historias de vida, y la fisiología reproductiva. Los hallazgos clave incluyen la alometría y la escala, la energética y la termorregulación, la plasticidad fenotípica y la epigenética, y la importancia de los simbiontes microbianos. Con respecto a las predicciones sobre las tendencias de la ecofisiología de mamíferos, los temas más comunes están relacionados con la biología de la conservación, en su mayor parte a consecuencia del rápido cambio climático, la destrucción del hábitat y otros factores antropogénicos. La forma en que nuestra fauna de mamíferos se adapta (o no) a estos cambios, a nivel fisiológico y de otro tipo, será de gran interés en el futuro, teniendo el potencial de influir a la ciencia de la mastozoología.

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“…The level of GSH was measured using the Ellman method (Sedlak and Lindsay, 1968). The GSH levels are presented in µmol GSH per 1 g of wet tissue (see Sergina et al, 2015 for details).…”

Section: Glutathione Measurementmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The GSH levels are presented in µmol GSH per 1 g of wet tissue (see Sergina et al, 2015 for details).…”

Section: Glutathione Measurementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antioxidant defenses in three vesper bats(Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae) during hibernation

Antonova¹,

Ilyukha²,

Sergina³

et al. 2017

Turk J Zool

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IntroductionMammalian hibernators represent a unique model for the study of adaptation to changes in oxygen consumption (Carey et al., 2003;van Breukelen and Martin, 2015). Physiological parameters such as metabolism and oxygen supply are reduced during torpor (Storey, 2010;Yin et al., 2016). However, torpor is replaced by periods of intensive metabolic activity (arousal), which are characterized by quick warming of the organism (Carey et al., 2003;Storey, 2010). The great burst of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in mitochondrial respiration during the torpor-arousal cycles of bats may lead to the oxidative damage to sensitive tissues (Carey et al., 2003;Sanderson et al., 2013;Yin et al., 2016). The glutathione (GSH) and antioxidant defense enzymes (superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase) reduce the effects of ROS (Galano and Alvarez-Idaboy, 2011; Conde-Pérezprina et al., 2012).Along with numerous studies on torpid ground squirrels (Sciuridae)

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Biochemical adaptations to dive-derived hypoxia/reoxygenation in semiaquatic rodents

Cited by 8 publications

References 50 publications

Oxygen conserving mitochondrial adaptations in the skeletal muscles of breath hold divers

Oxygen conserving mitochondrial adaptations in the skeletal muscles of breath hold divers

Ecophysiology of mammals

Antioxidant defenses in three vesper bats(Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae) during hibernation

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